Access to safe sanitation is a basic requirement for human well-being and is critical for protecting public health and preventing environmental contamination at the community level. The increasing global risk of climate-related disasters exacerbates the likelihood of traditional sanitation solutions failing and exposing communities to harmful pathogens. This risk is ubiquitous in Cambodia's flood-prone Tonle Sap Lake region, which has some of the lowest rates of sanitation coverage in the country. This study sought to design and test a targeted mechanism in the region to deliver sanitation subsidies to households in a vulnerable position due to climate and socioeconomic characteristics. Subsidy eligibility was evaluated using the poverty probability index for Cambodia, with thresholds set according to households' individual and community-level climate vulnerability. In a randomized controlled trial, offering subsidies increased the likelihood of successful sales conversions for climate-resilient latrine products among targeted households by 32 percentage points, indicating effectiveness for increasing market-based sanitation uptake. The research did not find evidence of widespread or sustained market distortion due to the subsidy program.

获得安全的卫生设施是人类福祉的基本要求，对于保护公众健康和防止社区环境污染至关重要。全球气候相关灾害的风险日益增加，加剧了传统卫生解决方案失败并使社区暴露于有害病原体的可能性。这种风险在柬埔寨易发洪水的洞里萨湖地区普遍存在，该地区的卫生设施覆盖率是全国最低的。本研究试图在该地区设计和测试一种有针对性的机制，向因气候和社会经济特征而处于弱势地位的家庭提供卫生补贴。使用柬埔寨贫困概率指数评估补贴资格，并根据家庭个人和社区层面的气候脆弱性设定阈值。在一项随机对照试验中，提供补贴使目标家庭气候适应型厕所产品成功销售转化的可能性提高了 32 个百分点，这表明提高基于市场的卫生设施的采用是有效的。该研究没有发现补贴计划导致广泛或持续的市场扭曲的证据。