Planning frameworks, usually in the form of master plans, provide the direction for investment priorities necessary to achieve development objectives in many sub-Saharan African countries. Traditionally, master plans were developed using engineering methodologies with little stakeholder participation. There is little understanding of how master plans for sanitation infrastructure and services can be collaboratively designed. Through the application of a case study from Freetown, Sierra Leone, the paper proposes a framework for shifting infrastructure planning from conventional models to participatory, evidence-based methods. Findings highlight that the commitment of government and funding institutions created a sense of urgency and importance around sanitation issues and unlocked opportunities for increased financing and a better enabling policy and regulatory environment. Active engagement of the community and evidence-based decision-making ensured that the master plan aligned with the specific needs, preferences, and aspirations of all stakeholders. It was however challenging to use the principles of citywide inclusive sanitation (CWIS) for participatory planning because the implementing agencies and stakeholders lacked adequate capacity to do so. These findings hold significant implications for decision-makers, sanitation planners, and municipal authorities engaged in the development of sanitation master plans.

规划框架通常采用总体规划的形式，为许多撒哈拉以南非洲国家实现发展目标所需的投资优先事项提供方向。传统上，总体规划是使用工程方法制定的，很少有利益相关者参与。人们对如何协同设计卫生基础设施和服务的总体规划知之甚少。通过应用塞拉利昂弗里敦的案例研究，本文提出了一个框架，将基础设施规划从传统模式转变为参与式、基于证据的方法。调查结果强调，政府和资助机构的承诺营造了围绕卫生问题的紧迫感和重要性，并释放了增加融资和更好的有利政策和监管环境的机会。社区的积极参与和基于证据的决策确保了总体规划符合所有利益相关者的具体需求、偏好和愿望。然而，利用全市包容性卫生设施 (CWIS) 的原则进行参与式规划具有挑战性，因为执行机构和利益相关者缺乏足够的能力来这样做。这些发现对于参与制定卫生总体规划的决策者、卫生规划者和市政当局具有重大意义。