As an endemic species in Asia, Grus japonensis reproduction and survival rely on natural wetland resources. In the Yancheng coastal wetlands, the wintering habitat of Grus japonensis had been destroyed due to rapid social and economic development. At the same time, its population also declined leading to land use changes. Therefore, it was urgent to conduct scientific restoration and management of the winter habitat. Based on the structural habitat demand for Grus japonensis, traffic light warning analysis and landscape structure index system were used to guide habitat restoration. The main conclusions were as follows: the population of Grus japonensis in Yancheng coastal wetlands reached its highest recorded number of 952 in 2000. The population showed a tendency to concentrate in the core area (CA) of the Yancheng National Nature Reserve (YNNR). The locations of restoration areas under yellow, green and peak historical state were determined by the traffic light warning analysis. Landscape indicator thresholds were set based on the landscape conditions of the habitat in 2000. After restoration, the habitat should contain at least two landscape types: Phragmites australis (P. australis), Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) and ponds, with a minimum patch area of 5.22–19.11 km² and 5–17 patches. Habitat should be located at least 500 m from roads and farmland and 1000 m from residential areas. From the perspective of improving landscape diversity, “P. australis-pond habitat”, “P. australis-S. salsa habitat”, “Continuous P. australis habitat” and “Continuous S. salsa habitat” were constructed by landscape patterns. Finally, according to the land use situation around the habitat, the “Friendly” land use layout of “Salt marsh wetland--Low intensity ecological aquaculture pond--Farmland--Construction land” from sea to land was developed. This mode provides a reference for the habitat restoration of coastal wetlands.

作为亚洲特有物种，鹤的繁殖和生存依赖于天然湿地资源。在盐城滨海湿地，由于社会经济的快速发展，丹顶鹤的越冬栖息地遭到破坏。与此同时，其人口也下降，导致土地用途发生变化。因此，对越冬栖息地进行科学的恢复和管理刻不容缓。基于鹤的栖息地结构需求，利用交通灯预警分析和景观结构指标体系指导栖息地恢复。主要结论如下：盐城滨海湿地丹鹤种群数量在2000年达到了有记录以来的最高数量952只，种群呈向盐城国家级自然保护区核心区集中的趋势。通过红绿灯预警分析，确定黄、绿、高峰历史状态下的恢复区域位置。景观指标阈值根据2000年栖息地景观状况设定。恢复后，栖息地应至少包含两种景观类型：芦苇（P. australis）、碱蓬（S. salsa）和池塘，最少斑块面积为 5.22–19.11 km ²和 5–17 个斑块。栖息地应距道路和农田至少 500 m，距居民区至少 1000 m。从提高景观多样性的角度出发，通过景观格局构建了“南方松-池塘生境”、“南方松-莎莎生境”、“连续南方松生境”和“连续莎莎生境”。最后，根据栖息地周边土地利用情况，制定了由海到陆的“盐沼湿地——低强度生态养殖塘——农田——建设用地”的“友善”土地利用布局。该模式为滨海湿地生境恢复提供参考。