An important component of secondary prevention of CVD (including HF) is comprehensive cardiac rehab, including exercise. Novel, individualised approaches are needed to increase uptake and adherence to exercise programmes, one area offering potential is HIIT. HIIT has been shown to be both safe and effective for improving cardiovascular fitness in both coronary artery disease and HF patients. To provide a current and up to date evaluation of the physiological and psychological outcomes of HIIT in patients with HF compared to MCT and UC. Secondly to perform sub-group analyses comparing short and long HIIT protocols. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was undertaken. Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and SportDISCUS were searched up to July 2022. Trials were included if they carried out a HIIT intervention (defined at intensity ≥ 80% peak HR or ≥ 80% VO2) in HF patients (HFpEF or HFrEF) for at least 6 weeks. Comparator group was UC or MCT. HIIT was shown to be superior to MCT and UC for improving VO (HIIT mean improvement 3.1 mL.kgmin). HITT was superior to MCT and UC for improving LVEF (HIIT mean improvement 5.7%). HIIT was superior to MCT and UC for improving HRQoL, using the MLHFQ (HIIT mean point change of -12.8). Subgroup analysis showed no difference between long and short HIIT. HIIT improves VO, LVEF and HRQoL in patients with HF, the improvements seen in VO and LVEF are superior in HIIT compared to MCT and UC.

中文翻译：

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与中等连续训练和常规护理相比，心力衰竭患者高强度间歇训练的生理和心理结果：荟萃分析的系统评价

CVD（包括心力衰竭）二级预防的一个重要组成部分是全面的心脏康复，包括运动。需要新颖、个性化的方法来增加锻炼计划的采用和坚持，其中一个具有潜力的领域是 HIIT。 HIIT 已被证明对于改善冠状动脉疾病和心力衰竭患者的心血管健康既安全又有效。与 MCT 和 UC 相比，对 HIIT 对心力衰竭患者的生理和心理结果进行最新的评估。其次，进行亚组分析，比较短期和长期 HIIT 方案。对随机对照试验进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。 Medline、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL 和 SportDISCUS 的检索截止日期为 2022 年 7 月。纳入了对 HF 患者（HFpEF 或 HFrEF）进行 HIIT 干预（定义为强度 ≥ 80% 峰值 HR 或 ≥ 80% VO2）的试验至少6周。对照组为UC或MCT。 HIIT 在改善 VO 方面优于 MCT 和 UC（HIIT 平均改善 3.1 mL.kgmin）。 HITT 在改善 LVEF 方面优于 MCT 和 UC（HIIT 平均改善 5.7%）。使用 MLHFQ（HIIT 平均点变化为 -12.8），HIIT 在改善 HRQoL 方面优于 MCT 和 UC。亚组分析显示长期和短期 HIIT 之间没有差异。 HIIT 可改善心力衰竭患者的 VO、LVEF 和 HRQoL，HIIT 中 VO 和 LVEF 的改善优于 MCT 和 UC。