Wood wettability, the process of liquid interaction with wood surfaces, is influenced by wood surface chemistry, structure, ambient conditions, and temperature. Understanding how temperature impacts wood wettability is crucial for high-temperature manufacturing processes. In this study, the sessile drop method was employed to explore the dynamic wettability of Chinese fir wood using three different liquids (water, glycerol and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)) across a range of temperatures (25, 40, 60 and 80 °C). By considering spreading, penetration and evaporation, we revealed that the dynamic wettability of Chinese fir was strongly dependent on temperature and the type of liquid. Temperature elevation enhances wettability, leading to reduced contact angles and increased penetration ratios. Water exhibited the highest wettability, followed by glycerol, with PVAc being the least wetting agent. Notably, after 180 s of wetting at 80 °C, the measured contact angles were 0° for water, 45° for glycerol, and 120° for PVAc. When accounting for evaporation, the penetration of water decreased from 57 % to 47 % (25 °C) and 100 % to 62 % (80 °C). The activation energies for the penetration of water and PVAc into Chinese fir exhibited variations, with values of 35.3 and 158.3 kJ/mol, respectively. These comprehensive wetting results, covering spreading, penetration and evaporation, provide valuable insights into wood–water and wood–adhesive interactions, particularly when exposed to high-temperature conditions.

中文翻译：

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温度对杉木动态润湿性的影响：综合考虑表面铺展、渗透和蒸发

木材润湿性是液体与木材表面相互作用的过程，受到木材表面化学、结构、环境条件和温度的影响。了解温度如何影响木材润湿性对于高温制造工艺至关重要。在本研究中，采用座滴法探索杉木在不同温度（25、40、60 和 80 °C）下使用三种不同液体（水、甘油和聚醋酸乙烯酯 (PVAc)）的动态润湿性。 。通过考虑扩散、渗透和蒸发，我们发现杉木的动态润湿性强烈依赖于温度和液体类型。温度升高会增强润湿性，从而减少接触角并增加渗透率。水表现出最高的润湿性，其次是甘油，PVAc 是最不润湿的剂。值得注意的是，在 80°C 润湿 180 秒后，测得的水接触角为 0°，甘油为 45°，PVAc 为 120°。考虑到蒸发，水的渗透率从 57% 下降到 47% (25 °C)，从 100% 下降到 62% (80 °C)。水和PVAc渗透杉木的活化能表现出变化，分别为35.3和158.3 kJ/mol。这些全面的润湿结果（涵盖扩散、渗透和蒸发）为了解木材-水和木材-粘合剂的相互作用（特别是暴露在高温条件下时）提供了宝贵的见解。