Exploring the community characteristics of petroleum degrading bacteria and revealing the types of petroleum metabolites produced by degrading bacteria play an important role in solving the problem of oil pollution. In this study, the bacterial suspension was extracted from the sludge of the sewage treatment plant, and the efficient dominant bacteria were enriched and cultured by microbial screening. The optimal environmental conditions and kinetic behavior of microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater were discussed, and the metabolites of microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum degradation conditions of the strain were as follows: bacterial suspension inoculum: 2%, pH: 7, temperature: 30°C, initial concentration of contaminated water sample: 500 mg/L. Under these conditions, the microbial petroleum hydrocarbon degradation efficiency was 84.7% and followed the first-order kinetics; qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis of the metabolites of the microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was performed. A total of 10 significantly upregulated products and 12 significantly downregulated products were screened, which were significantly different from the metabolites of the control group. Further microbial community analysis showed that Pseudomonas was dominant in the bacterial suspension, more than 99.5%, which was significantly different from the sludge sample, providing data support for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by Pseudomonas. This study has provided a scientific basis for in situ remediation of petroleum pollution in groundwater.

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石油降解菌的降解特性及其石油烃代谢产物的研究

探究石油降解菌的群落特征，揭示降解菌产生的石油代谢物类型，对于解决石油污染问题具有重要作用。本研究从污水处理厂污泥中提取菌悬液，通过微生物筛选对高效优势菌进行富集和培养。讨论了地下水中微生物降解石油烃的最佳环境条件和动力学行为，并对微生物降解石油烃的代谢产物进行了分析。结果表明，该菌株的最佳降解条件为：菌悬液接种量：2%，pH：7，温度：30℃，污染水样初始浓度：500 mg/L。在此条件下，微生物石油烃降解效率为84.7%，符合一级动力学；采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱法对石油烃微生物降解的代谢物进行定性和定量统计分析。共筛选出10个显着上调产物和12个显着下调产物，与对照组代谢物存在显着差异。进一步的微生物群落分析表明，菌悬液中假单胞菌占优势，达到99.5%以上，与污泥样品存在显着差异，为假单胞菌降解石油烃提供了数据支持。该研究为地下水石油污染的原位修复提供了科学依据。