This article presents the development of a plane strain tensile test aiming at an easy classification of aluminium automotive alloys according to their formability in prototyping steps. A parametric study with finite element method is performed on three different designs inspired by literature. It is found that, due to plastic anisotropy, specimens designed for steel are not suited for aluminium alloys. One optimized specimen geometry, ensuring near plane strain state on a large zone all along the deformation range up to failure, is selected. On this geometry, tensile tests instrumented by Digital Image Correlation are performed for five different aluminium alloys (5xxx and 6xxx) in three different directions of the metal sheet (rolling, diagonal and transverse). From Digital Image Correlation analysis, necking limits are evaluated and their relevance for the ranking of alloys according to their formability is discussed in comparison with a standard formability test, namely the Limiting Dome Height test.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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开发平面应变拉伸试验来表征 5xxx 和 6xxx 铝合金的成形性

本文介绍了平面应变拉伸测试的开发，旨在根据汽车铝合金在原型制作步骤中的可成形性对它们进行简单的分类。受文献启发，对三种不同的设计进行了有限元方法的参数研究。研究发现，由于塑性各向异性，为钢设计的样本不适合铝合金。选择一种优化的样本几何形状，确保在直至失效的整个变形范围内大区域上的近平面应变状态。在此几何形状上，在金属板的三个不同方向（轧制、对角线和横向）上对五种不同的铝合金（5xxx 和 6xxx）进行了数字图像相关仪器的拉伸测试。通过数字图像相关分析，评估了颈缩极限，并与标准可成形性测试（即极限圆顶高度测试）进行比较，讨论了根据可成形性对合金进行排序的相关性。

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