Process-based river restoration seeks to restore processes such as channel-floodplain connectivity that create and maintain river corridor functions. Process-based restoration can fail to produce the desired results if geomorphic context is not effectively incorporated into restoration design. Geomorphic context of a river reach refers to the controls on contemporary river form and process. Controls at the catchment- to reach-scale include geologic history, biophysical characteristics, legacies of past human alterations, position within the river network, river corridor geometry, base level stability, disturbance regime, and contemporary human alterations of the river corridor. We conceptualize a river corridor as reflecting the interactions among fluxes of material and the geomorphic context. We discuss how an understanding of geomorphic context can be used to select a restoration approach and provide examples of how restoration can fail to achieve desired outcomes when geomorphic context is not considered. Within the toolbox of methods used to implement process-based restoration, we differentiate the alteration of inputs to the river corridor and fluxes of material through the corridor from alteration of form and/or connectivity within the river corridor. Historical, biotic, geologic/geomorphic, and reference sites can be used to inform process-based restoration targets. Restoration is strongly influenced by human perceptions of what is appropriate and achievable at a site and diverse communities influencing restoration at a site may differ in their perceptions. Geomorphically based conceptual guidelines, such as the River Styles Framework, provide an effective platform for incorporating an understanding of geomorphic context into process-based river restoration.

中文翻译：

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基于过程的河流恢复中的地貌背景

基于过程的河流恢复旨在恢复创建和维持河流廊道功能的河道-洪泛区连通性等过程。如果地貌背景没有有效地纳入恢复设计中，基于过程的恢复可能无法产生预期的结果。河流河段的地貌背景是指对当代河流形态和过程的控制。流域范围内的控制包括地质历史、生物物理特征、过去人类改造的遗产、河流网络内的位置、河流廊道几何形状、基准面稳定性、扰动状况以及河流廊道的当代人类改造。我们将河流廊道概念化为反映物质通量与地貌背景之间的相互作用。我们讨论如何利用对地貌背景的理解来选择恢复方法，并提供示例说明在不考虑地貌背景的情况下恢复如何无法实现预期结果。在用于实施基于过程的恢复的方法工具箱中，我们将河流走廊输入的改变和通过走廊的物质通量的改变与河流走廊内的形式和/或连通性的改变区分开来。历史、生物、地质/地貌和参考地点可用于告知基于过程的恢复目标。恢复受到人类对某个地点适当和可实现的看法的强烈影响，影响某个地点恢复的不同社区的看法可能有所不同。基于地貌的概念指南，例如河流风格框架，提供了一个有效的平台，可以将地貌背景的理解纳入基于过程的河流恢复中。