Patient nonadherence to healthcare providers’ recommendations is a major obstacle to desired health outcomes. It results in health deterioration and hospitalization, which might have been avoided with a high level of patient adherence. This paper reviews the literature addressing the issue of adherence in healthcare operations. A total of 73 published articles from operations research and management science journals are included in the review as a result of the systematic search that covered studies from inception until October 26, 2022. This paper is the first comprehensive review of adherence-related research in the operations research field. We summarize how adherence is measured, the research contexts, interactions between adherence and the healthcare system, and how adherence is modeled mathematically. Furthermore, we review adherence-related research at clinical, hospital, and healthcare system levels of planning and control, in addition to medical decision-making. We identify the opportunities in adherence research under the following themes: Supporting proactive management of adherence for healthcare providers, designing a healthcare system that enables adherence, developing personalized treatments, and addressing the global health issues of antimicrobial resistance and vaccine hesitancy.

中文翻译：

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医疗保健操作中的患者依从性：叙述性回顾

患者不遵守医疗保健提供者的建议是实现预期健康结果的主要障碍。它会导致健康状况恶化和住院治疗，而如果患者坚持不懈，这种情况本来是可以避免的。本文回顾了有关医疗保健操作依从性问题的文献。经过系统检索，该综述纳入了运筹学和管理科学期刊上发表的 73 篇文章，涵盖了从成立到 2022 年 10 月 26 日的研究。本文是该领域首次对依从性相关研究的全面综述。运筹学领域。我们总结了如何衡量依从性、研究背景、依从性与医疗保健系统之间的相互作用以及如何对依从性进行数学建模。此外，除了医疗决策之外，我们还回顾了临床、医院和医疗保健系统规划和控制层面的依从性相关研究。我们在以下主题下确定了依从性研究的机会：支持医疗保健提供者的依从性主动管理、设计一个能够实现依从性的医疗保健系统、开发个性化治疗以及解决抗菌素耐药性和疫苗犹豫的全球健康问题。