Synthetic biology aims at designing new biological functions from first principles. These new designs allow to expand the natural solution space and overcome the limitations of naturally evolved systems. One example is synthetic CO-fixation pathways that promise to provide more efficient ways for the capture and conversion of CO than natural pathways, such as the Calvin Benson Bassham (CBB) cycle of photosynthesis. In this review, we provide a practical guideline for the design and realization of such new-to-nature CO-fixation pathways. We introduce the concept of “synthetic CO-fixation”, and give a general overview over the enzymology and topology of synthetic pathways, before we derive general principles for their design from their eight naturally evolved analogs. We provide a comprehensive summary of synthetic carbon-assimilation pathways and derive a step-by-step, practical guide from the theoretical design to their practical implementation, before ending with an outlook on new developments in the field.

中文翻译：

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创造新的自然碳固定：指南

合成生物学旨在从基本原理出发设计新的生物功能。这些新设计可以扩展自然解决方案空间并克服自然进化系统的局限性。一个例子是合成的二氧化碳固定途径，它有望提供比自然途径更有效的二氧化碳捕获和转化方式，例如光合作用的卡尔文·本森·巴沙姆 (CBB) 循环。在这篇综述中，我们为这种新的自然二氧化碳固定途径的设计和实现提供了实用指南。我们介绍了“合成CO固定”的概念，并对合成途径的酶学和拓扑结构进行了总体概述，然后我们从八种自然进化的类似物中得出其设计的一般原则。我们对合成碳同化途径进行了全面的总结，并从理论设计到实际实施提供了逐步的实用指南，最后对该领域的新发展进行了展望。