Landscape fires are an integral component of the Earth system and a feature of prehistoric, subsistence, and industrial economies. Specific spatiotemporal patterns of landscape fire occur in different locations around the world, shaped by the interactions between environmental and human drivers of fire activity. Seven distinct types of landscape fire emerge from these interactions: remote area fires, wildfire disasters, savanna fires, Indigenous burning, prescribed burning, agricultural burning, and deforestation fires. All can have substantial impacts on human health and well-being directly and indirectly through ( a) exposure to heat flux (e.g., injuries and destructive impacts), ( b) emissions (e.g., smoke-related health impacts), and ( c) altered ecosystem functioning (e.g., biodiversity, amenity, water quality, and climate impacts). Minimizing the adverse effects of landscape fires on population health requires understanding how human and environmental influences on fire impacts can be modified through interventions targeted at individual, community, and regional levels.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 45 is April 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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气候变化、景观火灾和人类健康：全球视角

景观火灾是地球系统的一个组成部分，也是史前经济、生存经济和工业经济的一个特征。景观火灾的特定时空模式发生在世界各地的不同地点，这是由火灾活动的环境和人类驱动因素之间的相互作用形成的。这些相互作用产生了七种不同类型的景观火灾：偏远地区火灾、野火灾害、稀树草原火灾、土著燃烧、规定燃烧、农业燃烧和森林砍伐火灾。所有这些都可以通过以下方式直接和间接对人类健康和福祉产生重大影响：（a）暴露于热通量（例如伤害和破坏性影响），（b）排放（例如与烟雾相关的健康影响），以及（c）改变了生态系统功能（例如，生物多样性、舒适性、水质和气候影响）。最大限度地减少景观火灾对人口健康的不利影响需要了解如何通过针对个人、社区和区域层面的干预措施来改变人类和环境对火灾影响的影响。《公共卫生年度回顾》第 45 卷的预计最终在线发布日期是 2024 年 4 月。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates 了解修订后的估算。