Abstract

In this study, an efficient protocol was developed to obtain multiplicated, healthy sweet basil plantlets with larger leaves and a greener color by culturing them on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l 2iP. Chitosan and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were used as abiotic elicitors to maximize the main secondary metabolites (phenolic and flavonoid compounds and essential oil) in in vitro plantlets of sweet basil. Chitosan with a concentration of 4.0 mg/l recorded the maximum value of caffeic acid (1.189 mg/g DW), and 10 mg/l of ZnO NPs recorded the maximum content of rutin (0.936 mg/g DW). The plantlets cultured with 2.0 mg/l chitosan recorded the maximum percentage of essential oil (90.63%). 8,9-Dihydro-9-formyl cycloisolongifolene was the major compound (72.44%) and was detected in the plantlets treated with 2.0 mg/l chitosan. The inhibitory activity evaluation of α-amylase revealed that the maximum inhibitory activity was found in the plantlet control and those treated with 4.0 mg/l chitosan of the phenolic and flavonoid fractions. The maximum IC₅₀ (7.36 ± 0.85) was found in the plantlet extract treated with 4.0 mg/l chitosan, followed by the plantlet control, which recorded 11.53 ± 0.86. Using AutoDuck 4.2 and PyMol software, it was revealed that rutin and caffeic acid compounds (the main active components) own hydrogen binding interactions and hydrophobic binding interactions with the active site of alpha-amylase from the porcine pancreas (PPA) enzyme with good binding energy (5.74 and 5.71 kcal/mol, respectively).

中文翻译：

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用壳聚糖和 ZnO NP 处理的体外甜罗勒幼苗的 α-淀粉酶抑制活性和计算机研究

摘要

在本研究中，开发了一种有效的方案，通过在含有 1.0 mg/l 2iP 的 MS 培养基上培养，获得繁殖、健康的甜罗勒幼苗，这些幼苗具有更大的叶子和更绿的颜色。壳聚糖和氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NP）被用作非生物诱导剂，以最大限度地提高甜罗勒体外幼苗中的主要次生代谢产物（酚类和黄酮类化合物以及精油）。浓度为4.0 mg/l的壳聚糖记录了咖啡酸的最大值（1.189 mg/g DW），10 mg/l的ZnO NPs记录了芦丁的最大值（0.936 mg/g DW）。用2.0 mg/l壳聚糖培养的试管苗中精油含量最高（90.63%）。8,9-二氢-9-甲酰基环异长叶烯是主要化合物（72.44%），在用 2.0 mg/l 壳聚糖处理的幼苗中检测到。α-淀粉酶的抑制活性评估表明，在对照植株和用 4.0 mg/l 壳聚糖酚类和类黄酮部分处理的植株中发现了最大的抑制活性。在用 4.0 mg/l 壳聚糖处理的苗提取物中发现最大 IC _{50 (7.36 ± 0.85)，其次是苗对照，记录为 11.53 ± 0.86。}利用AutoDuck 4.2和PyMol软件，揭示了芦丁和咖啡酸化合物（主要活性成分）与猪胰腺（PPA）酶的α-淀粉酶活性位点具有氢键相互作用和疏水性结合相互作用，具有良好的结合能（分别为 5.74 和 5.71 kcal/mol）。