Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a long-term disease that can lead to disability. microRNAs (miRNA) can provide noninvasive markers allowing more frequent and easy testing in MS. Treatment methods based on manipulating miRNA activity can be innovative. The purpose of this work is to measure the serum expression of miRNA-191-5P and miRNA-24-3P in MS patients. The investigation was carried out on 80 patients with MS (68 patients with Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 12 patients with Progressive MS) and 40 healthy controls. The serum expression of miRNA-191-5P and miRNA-24-3P was measured using real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of the studied miRNAs was relatively calculated using the Eq. 2−ΔΔCt. Serum levels of miRNA-191 and miRNA-24 showed no difference between MS patients and healthy controls, and neither between RRMS and progressive MS groups. A negative correlation was detected between miRNA-191 and disease duration. Also, a positive correlation was detected between miRNA-191 and miRNA-24 expression. RRMS patients were significantly different from progressive MS patients regarding disease duration (p value 0.001) as well as expanded disability status scale score (p value < 0.001). The study uniquely analyzed the correlation between the miRNA-191 and miRNA-24, being expressed in all MS patients, and being positively correlated means they are influenced by the same factors and they can be therapeutically targeted in the same way, so further studies are required. The impact of disease duration on miRNA-191 expression encourages regular monitoring of miRNA-191.

中文翻译：

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miRNA-191-5P 和 miRNA-24-3P 作为多发性硬化症新型生物标志物的意义：病例对照研究

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种可导致残疾的长期疾病。microRNA (miRNA) 可以提供非侵入性标记，允许在 MS 中进行更频繁、更简单的测试。基于操纵 miRNA 活性的治疗方法可能是创新的。本工作的目的是测量 MS 患者中 miRNA-191-5P 和 miRNA-24-3P 的血清表达。该研究对 80 名多发性硬化症患者（68 名复发缓解型多发性硬化症 (RRMS) 患者、12 名进行性多发性硬化症患者）和 40 名健康对照者进行了研究。使用实时定量PCR测量miRNA-191-5P和miRNA-24-3P的血清表达。使用方程式相对计算所研究的 miRNA 的表达。2−ΔΔCt。MS 患者和健康对照之间、RRMS 组和进展性 MS 组之间的 miRNA-191 和 miRNA-24 血清水平没有差异。检测到 miRNA-191 与疾病持续时间呈负相关。此外，还检测到 miRNA-191 和 miRNA-24 表达之间呈正相关。RRMS 患者在疾病持续时间（p 值 0.001）以及扩展残疾状态量表评分（p 值 < 0.001）方面与进展性 MS 患者显着不同。该研究独特地分析了miRNA-191和miRNA-24之间的相关性，在所有MS患者中都有表达，呈正相关意味着它们受到相同因素的影响，并且可以以相同的方式进行治疗靶向，因此进一步研究必需的。疾病持续时间对 miRNA-191 表达的影响鼓励定期监测 miRNA-191。