This article examines the regulation–participation nexus in social care services. Participatory forms of social care regulation have been expanding over the past 20 years, but the literature on this trend remains scarce. To fill this gap, we developed an analytical framework for classifying participatory regulation methods. This framework is based on two axes, one drawn from the literature on regulation (the regulatory tasks), and the other from the literature on service user participation (the levels of participation). Using this framework and combining a systematic review of the literature with a case study of the Care Quality Commission in England, we identified and classified 12 participatory methods in three main regulatory tasks (monitoring, standard setting and enforcement). Our classification shows most of the participatory methods are concentrated in monitoring tasks, less in standard setting and least of all in regulatory enforcement. It also highlights the uniqueness of the goals and logics of participation in the regulatory context and the tendency towards the instrumental aspect of information gathering rather than the political aspect of participation. The article concludes by explaining our findings and suggesting future directions in developing the research agenda on the regulatory-participation nexus.

中文翻译：

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社会关怀监管中的参与方法分类

本文探讨了社会护理服务中的监管与参与关系。过去 20 年来，社会关怀监管的参与形式不断扩大，但有关这一趋势的文献仍然很少。为了填补这一空白，我们开发了一个对参与式监管方法进行分类的分析框架。该框架基于两个轴，一个来自监管文献（监管任务），另一个来自服务用户参与文献（参与水平）。利用这一框架，结合对文献的系统回顾和英国护理质量委员会的案例研究，我们确定并分类了三项主要监管任务（监测、标准制定和执行）的 12 种参与方法。我们的分类显示，大多数参与方法都集中在监测任务上，较少集中在标准制定上，最不集中在监管执行上。它还强调了监管背景下参与的目标和逻辑的独特性，以及信息收集的工具方面而不是参与的政治方面的趋势。本文最后解释了我们的研究结果，并提出了制定监管参与关系研究议程的未来方向。