Verticillium wilt caused by soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae results in serious quality, yield and economic losses in tomato fruit production in tomato-growing areas around the world. In this study, V. dahliae isolates obtained from six different major grafted tomato production areas in Antalya province of Türkiye were characterized for races, pathotypes and vegetative compatibility groups using the specific PCR primers. Out of 66 isolates, 60 were determined to be race 2. Six isolates were not identified as race 1 or race 2. Fifty-six isolates were determined as defoliating pathotypes (D) while 10 isolates were identified as non-defoliating (ND) pathotypes. The isolates were clustered into four vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs): VCG1A (61), VCG2A or VCG4B (3), VCG2B (1) and VCG6 (1). According to the results of this study, the race 2, D pathotype and VCG1A isolates were dominant and widely distributed in the region. Additionally, the V. dahliae isolates fall into two major groups based on the dendrogram constructed from molecular data by Dice similarity index. The dendrogram showed significant diversity among the V. dahliae isolates particularly in the Elmalı region compared to other regions. The study is the first comprehensive research with the current disease and race 2 was identified for the first time in grafted tomatoes. These findings will lead to the development of V. dahliae-resistant grafted tomatoes and breeding programs in Türkiye.

中文翻译：

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从土耳其安塔利亚省种植的嫁接番茄中分离出的大丽黄萎病菌的分子特征

由土传真菌大丽黄萎病引起的黄萎病给世界各地番茄产区的番茄果实生产造成严重的质量、产量和经济损失。在这项研究中，使用特定的 PCR 引物对从土耳其安塔利亚省六个不同的主要嫁接番茄产区获得的大丽葡萄株进行了种族、致病型和营养相容性群体的表征。在 66 个分离株中，60 个被确定为小种 2。6 个分离株未被鉴定为小种 1 或小种 2。56 个分离株被确定为落叶致病型 (D)，而 10 个分离株被确定为非落叶 (ND) 致病型。分离株分为四个营养相容性组 (VCG)：VCG1A (61)、VCG2A 或 VCG4B (3)、VCG2B (1) 和 VCG6 (1)。本研究结果显示，该地区以小种2、D致病型和VCG1A菌株为主，分布广泛。此外，根据通过 Dice 相似性指数从分子数据构建的树状图，大丽花弧菌分离株分为两个主要组。与其他地区相比，树状图显示大丽花弧菌分离株之间存在显着的多样性，特别是在埃尔马里地区。该研究是针对当前疾病的首次综合研究，并且首次在嫁接番茄中鉴定出小种2。这些发现将促进土耳其抗大丽葡萄球菌嫁接番茄和育种计划的发展。