Background

In recent years, cardiovascular diseases in adolescents have become more serious. High intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) have been shown to improve cardiovascular diseases in adolescents. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of HIIT and MICT on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents.

Methods

Randomised controlled trials of HIIT and MICT for cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents up to January 2023 were searched using authoritative databases such as CNKI, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO. Data analysis was performed using Review Manage 5.4 and Stata 14.0.

Results

A total of 12 studies involving 468 participants, mean age 15.19±4.35, were included in the study. The findings showed that compared with MICT, HIIT reduced adolescents' body weight (SMD=-0.18, 95%CI=-0.58, 0.21) and increased maximal oxygen uptake (SMD=0.56, 95%CI=0.20, 0.93) and high-density lipoprotein (SMD=-0.47, 95% CI=-1.11, 0.17), and improved systolic blood pressure (SMD=-0.35, 95%CI=-0.78, 0.09), glucose (SMD=-1.53, 95%CI=-2.93, -0.13), and insulin (SMD=-0.66, 95% CI=-1.73, 0.41), p<0.05. HIIT and MICT improved BMI, fat mass, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL, with no significant difference between these training types.

Conclusion

HIIT was better than MICT for improving cardiovascular health in adolescents, with better effects on body weight, BMI, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, maximal oxygen uptake, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, glucose, and insulin levels.

中文翻译：

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高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练对青少年心血管危险因素的影响：随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

近年来，青少年心血管疾病日趋严重。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）和中等强度持续训练（MICT）已被证明可以改善青少年的心血管疾病。进行荟萃分析来比较 HIIT 和 MICT 对青少年心血管危险因素的影响。

方法

使用CNKI、Web of Science、PubMed、EBSCO等权威数据库检索截至2023年1月针对青少年心血管危险因素的HIIT和MICT随机对照试验。使用 Review Manage 5.4 和 Stata 14.0 进行数据分析。

结果

该研究共纳入 12 项研究，涉及 468 名参与者，平均年龄 15.19±4.35 岁。研究结果显示，与MICT相比，HIIT降低了青少年体重（SMD=-0.18，95%CI=-0.58，0.21），增加了最大摄氧量（SMD=0.56，95%CI=0.20，0.93），并且高密度脂蛋白 (SMD=-0.47, 95% CI=-1.11, 0.17)、收缩压改善 (SMD=-0.35, 95%CI=-0.78, 0.09)、血糖 (SMD=-1.53​​, 95%CI= -2.93，-0.13）和胰岛素（SMD=-0.66，95% CI=-1.73，0.41），p<0.05。HIIT 和 MICT 改善了 BMI、脂肪量、舒张压、甘油三酯、总胆固醇和 LDL，这些训练类型之间没有显着差异。

结论

HIIT在改善青少年心血管健康方面优于MICT，对体重、BMI、脂肪量、收缩压、舒张压、最大摄氧量、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、LDL、HDL、血糖和胰岛素水平有更好的效果。