The phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of tropical trees: (FB), (FRa) and (FRe) were analysed in this study. The bark and leaf samples of these species were subjected to solvent extraction using absolute methanol and analysed for their total chlorophyll (TCC), total carotenoid (TXc) and total anthocyanin (TAC) contents. The TPC, TFC and antioxidant potential of the extracts were also determined. The stability of the extracts during storage at different temperatures (4 °C, − 20 °C and − 80 °C) was investigated at weeks 0, 4 and 8. The results showed that the bark of and leaves of contained the highest amounts of phenolic content, with significantly higher antioxidant properties. PLSR analysis revealed that the secondary metabolite composition strongly influenced the antioxidant activities differently with trees. VIP scores were also computed to determine the most important factors that contributed to the ABTS and FRAP activities in the extracts from each species. Specifically, TPC, TFC, TXc, TCC, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b contents were the most important variables for . Meanwhile, TPC, TAC, TFC and chlorophyll b were the most important factors for , and only TAC, TPC and chlorophyll b were the most important factors for . Long term storage (8 weeks) of the extracts at 4 °C was observed to cause the highest percentage of metabolite degradation (up to 88.56% in TXc, 66.86% in TPC and 81.93% in TFC). Storage at − 80 °C was found to be the most suitable for retaining the secondary metabolites content and bioactivities of the samples. Taken together, leaf was identified as the best source of pigments and antioxidants. The findings of this study highlight the huge potential of plant extracts as both natural pigments and antioxidants in the food industry. These extracts can serve as a source of colorants while also improving the nutritional quality of food products, which aligns with the growing demand for clean-label and sustainable food options that can replace synthetic food additives.

中文翻译：

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释放自然的力量：研究储存对热带榕属植物色素和生物活性的影响。提取物

本研究分析了热带树木的植物化学成分和抗氧化活性：（FB）、（FRa）和（FRe）。使用无水甲醇对这些物种的树皮和叶子样品进行溶剂萃取，并分析其总叶绿素（TCC）、总类胡萝卜素（TXc）和总花青素（TAC）含量。还测定了提取物的 TPC、TFC 和抗氧化潜力。在第 0、4 和 8 周对提取物在不同温度（4 °C、− 20 °C 和 − 80 °C）储存过程中的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明，提取物的树皮和叶子含有最高含量的酚类含量，具有显着更高的抗氧化性能。 PLSR 分析表明，次生代谢物成分对抗氧化活性的影响与树木不同。还计算了 VIP 分数，以确定影响每个物种提取物中 ABTS 和 FRAP 活性的最重要因素。具体而言，TPC、TFC、TXc、TCC、叶绿素 a 和叶绿素 b 含量是最重要的变量。同时，TPC、TAC、TFC和叶绿素b是 的最重要因素，并且只有TAC、TPC和叶绿素b是 的最重要因素。据观察，提取物在 4 °C 下长期储存（8 周）会导致最高百分比的代谢物降解（TXc 高达 88.56%，TPC 高达 66.86%，TFC 高达 81.93%）。研究发现，- 80 °C 储存最适合保留样品的次生代谢物含量和生物活性。总而言之，叶子被认为是色素和抗氧化剂的最佳来源。这项研究的结果凸显了植物提取物作为食品工业中的天然色素和抗氧化剂的巨大潜力。这些提取物可以作为着色剂的来源，同时还可以提高食品的营养质量，这符合对可以替代合成食品添加剂的清洁标签和可持续食品选择不断增长的需求。