This trial was performed in order to investigate the response of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to dietary exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) under laboratory conditions on fish growth and health. Healthy zebrafish (n=240) were divided into 12 tanks and fed with diets including 0 (T0), 100 (T1), 500 (T2), and 1000 (T3) mg kg⁻¹ synthesized polystyrenes nanoplastics (PS-NPs) for 30 days. At the end of trial, fish fed the PS-NPs supplementation showed weight gain percentages of 79.45%, 70.35%, and 61.88% for T1, T2, and T3 groups, respectively, compared with 87.39% in the control fish. The SOD, GPX and MDA activities and cortisol levels increased by 47%, 32% and 35% and 46%, respectively, especially at high-dose administration (p < 0.05). The expression of GPX (T2-81% and T3-82%) and SOD (T2-101% and T3-187%) were remarkably upregulated in T2 and T3 groups. Moreover, the relative gene expression of HSP70, interleukin-1 (IL1), Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased by 178%, 202%, 154% and 307%, respectively, especially at high-dose administration (p < 0.05). The results of the present study demonstrated that exposure to PS-NPs especially at high concentrations (500 and 1000 mg kg⁻¹ of diet) negatively influenced growth, health status-, antioxidant-, and immunity-related gene expression responses of zebrafish.

中文翻译：

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评估膳食聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对斑马鱼（斑马鱼）生长性能、免疫参数和抗氧化防御的影响

进行这项试验的目的是为了研究斑马鱼（Danio rerio）在实验室条件下饮食中摄入聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NP）对鱼类生长和健康的反应。将健康斑马鱼（n = 240）分为12个水箱，并喂食包括0（T0）、100（T1）、500（T2）和1000（T3）mg kg ^-1合成聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NP）的饲料30天。试验结束时，饲喂 PS-NPs 补充剂的鱼 T1、T2 和 T3 组的增重百分比分别为 79.45%、70.35% 和 61.88%，而对照鱼的增重百分比为 87.39%。 SOD、GPX 和 MDA 活性以及皮质醇水平分别增加 47%、32%、35% 和 46%，特别是在高剂量给药时（p  < 0.05）。 T2和T3组中GPX（T2-81%和T3-82%）和SOD（T2-101%和T3-187%）的表达显着上调。此外，HSP70、白细胞介素-1（IL1）、干扰素γ（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的相对基因表达量分别增加了178%、202%、154%和307%。尤其是在高剂量给药时（p  <0.05）。本研究的结果表明，暴露于PS-NP，尤其是高浓度（饮食中500和1000 mg kg ^-1）的PS-NP，会对斑马鱼的生长、健康状况、抗氧化和免疫相关基因表达反应产生负面影响。