The COVID-19 pandemic may be considered a unique mass-trauma experience. This study examined the relations between Italian late adolescents' emotion regulation strategies, their anxiety states, and their experience of the lockdown (in terms of discomfort related to restrictions, capacities to create new functional daily routines, and to find positive changes in one's own life) during the first wave of this pandemic. We analysed how participants' reports of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression were associated with anxiety states during the 2020 Italian COVID-19 lockdown (large scale physical distancing and movement restrictions) and one month after the lockdown restrictions had been removed. We also examined how cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and anxiety states were linked to late adolescents' experience of lockdown. The participants were 497 Italian adolescents, aged from 17 to 24 years (M_age = 21.11, SD = 1.83). A longitudinal structural equation modelling showed that emotion regulation strategies and anxiety states were not associated across time. Cognitive reappraisal was positively associated with routine reorganization and positive changes. In contrast, participants' expressive suppression was negatively related to their discomfort related to restrictions, ability to functionally reorganise their daily routine, and ability to find positive changes related to the COVID-19 emergency. Anxiety was positively linked to discomfort related to restrictions. The findings are discussed in light of the current literature related to emotion regulation and anxiety. Limitations and implications for practice are presented.

中文翻译：

---

青少年晚期情绪调节在 COVID-19 封锁经历中的作用：一项纵向研究

COVID-19 大流行可能被视为一种独特的大规模创伤经历。这项研究考察了意大利晚期青少年的情绪调节策略、他们的焦虑状态和他们的封锁经历之间的关系（包括与限制相关的不适感、创造新的功能性日常生活的能力以及在自己的生活中发现积极变化的能力） ）在这次大流行的第一波浪潮中。我们分析了参与者的认知重新评估和表达抑制报告与 2020 年意大利 COVID-19 封锁期间（大规模身体疏远和行动限制）以及封锁限制解除后一个月内的焦虑状态之间的关系。我们还研究了认知重新评估、表达抑制和焦虑状态与青少年晚期的封锁经历之间的关系。参与者是 497 名意大利青少年，年龄从 17 岁到 24 岁（M_年龄 = 21.11，SD = 1.83）。纵向结构方程模型表明，情绪调节策略和焦虑状态在时间上并不相关。认知重新评估与常规重组和积极变化呈正相关。相比之下，参与者的表达抑制与他们因限制而感到的不适、功能上重组日常生活的能力以及发现与 COVID-19 紧急情况相关的积极变化的能力呈负相关。焦虑与限制相关的不适呈正相关。根据当前与情绪调节和焦虑相关的文献讨论了这些发现。提出了实践的局限性和影响。