Stroop-like tasks have been used to examine adaptive control in order to overcome distracting information. Debate about the source of interference in Stroop-like tasks is ongoing, and two main sources of conflicts have been consistently mentioned: response and non-response (e.g., semantic) conflicts. Different behavioral protocols have been proposed to disentangle the contribution of each level of conflict. In the new Stroop-matching task adopted in this study, participants had to match the relevant Stroop attribute (color or word, depending on the instructions) to two color-words or two colored bars laterally presented, before emitting their manual responses – with only between-attributes matches being adopted. Response latency and accuracy were analyzed. By means of specific comparisons among conditions, in which the relevant and irrelevant Stroop attribute changed, our results allowed three different sources of interference to be disentangled at the non-response/semantic and response levels, which affect accuracy and/or response latency: the congruency, the response-set and relationship effects. Our new Stroop-matching task and the results obtained were critically discussed and compared with others. We found evidence to corroborate the studies that support separate and independent sources of conflict, and the asymmetric pattern of interference of each Stroop attribute (color and word). Finally, we concluded that Stroop-like tasks can present at least three different conflicts, at both the non-response and response levels, giving support to the multistage models of Stroop interferences, and indicating that task demands are the critical point to determine which (and how) the conflicts will affect the behavioral performance.

类似斯特鲁普的任务已被用来检查自适应控制，以克服分散注意力的信息。关于类斯特鲁普任务中干扰源的争论正在进行中，并且一直提到冲突的两个主要来源：响应和不响应（例如，语义）冲突。人们提出了不同的行为协议来理清每个级别的冲突的贡献。在本研究采用的新斯特鲁普匹配任务中，参与者必须将相关的斯特鲁普属性（颜色或单词，取决于说明）与横向呈现的两个颜色词或两个彩色条相匹配，然后再发出手动响应 - 只需要采用属性间匹配。分析了响应延迟和准确性。通过对相关和不相关 Stroop 属性发生变化的条件进行具体比较，我们的结果允许在非响应/语义和响应级别上消除三种不同的干扰源，这会影响准确性和/或响应延迟：一致性、响应集和关系效应。我们对新的斯特鲁普匹配任务和获得的结果进行了批判性讨论并与其他任务进行了比较。我们找到了证据来证实支持单独且独立的冲突来源以及每个斯特鲁普属性（颜色和单词）的不对称干扰模式的研究。最后，我们得出结论，类 Stroop 任务在无响应和响应级别上都可以呈现至少三种不同的冲突，这为 Stroop 干扰的多阶段模型提供了支持，并表明任务需求是确定哪些冲突的关键点（以及如何）冲突会影响行为表现。