Climate change and global biodiversity loss call for clean energy production systems with minimised ecological impacts. Offshore wind energy production will become one of the main uses of global marine spaces within next decades. Offshore wind turbine foundations can function as artificial reefs but it is unknown if these capabilities apply to different foundation types. We collected field data on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), a species under pressure in the southern North Sea, around three foundation types to assess these capabilities. Catch rates showed that monopile foundations with rock protection on the seabed were able to attract significantly more fish than monopile foundations with sandbag protection and jacket foundations. Fish densities varied on small scales meaning that reef effects were spatially restricted. This implies that offshore wind energy production can be used as tool to combine climate change mitigation with local biodiversity conservation but that a consideration of the wind farm design is required.

气候变化和全球生物多样性丧失要求建立对生态影响最小化的清洁能源生产系统。海上风能生产将在未来几十年内成为全球海洋空间的主要用途之一。海上风力发电机基础可以充当人工鱼礁，但尚不清楚这些功能是否适用于不同的基础类型。我们围绕三种基础类型收集了北海南部压力下的大西洋鳕鱼（ Gadus morhua ）的实地数据，以评估这些能力。捕获率表明，与具有沙袋保护和导管架基础的单桩基础相比，在海底具有岩石保护的单桩基础能够吸引更多的鱼类。鱼类密度在小范围内变化，这意味着珊瑚礁效应在空间上受到限制。这意味着海上风能生产可以作为将减缓气候变化与当地生物多样性保护结合起来的工具，但需要考虑风电场的设计。