Marine managers commonly use ecological indicators in planning and evaluations; however, few programs monitor social and cultural impacts of management. Practical approaches to identifying and monitoring social and cultural aspects of communities’ relationships with their environment could assist many agencies in understanding the impacts of their efforts to achieve conservation goals. The Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) launched the Holomua Marine Initiative to collaborate and engage with communities to strengthen co-management efforts, which included integrating socio-cultural aspects into the planning and assessment of marine management. Our team, which included resource managers, Western and indigenous scientists, community leaders, students, agency, and university staff engaged in collaborative management efforts in Hawaiʻi, developed an approach to monitor the social and cultural impacts of DAR’s management actions. Through online collaborative workshops with community members and non-profit leaders engaged in marine conservation in Hawaiʻi, we co-developed socio-cultural principles and indicators based on their reciprocal relationships with the nearshore environment. During the workshops, we used small group activities, snow cards, sorting, and categorization to generate nine fundamental principles, with associated indicators, to guide marine management in Hawaiʻi. Many of the principles and indicators are comparable to those developed in other parts of the Pacific, revolving around themes including the perpetuation of local and indigenous knowledge across generations, and access to land and natural resources. Participants also suggested themes less prevalent in other research, such as the need to evaluate impacts of tourism on community relationships with coastal areas. We offer recommendations for the development of socio-cultural principles and indicators in other place-based contexts, and emphasize the importance of on-going community collaboration. Developing a socio-cultural monitoring framework with community members impacted by marine management decisions could enable others engaged in collaborative efforts, including government agencies, to holistically understand and address impacts of their policies and actions. Monitoring layered socio-cultural impacts of marine management on local and indigenous communities has the potential to shift management goals, and enhance long-term effectiveness and support for initiatives to protect coastal resources worldwide.

The post Holomua Marine Initiative: community-generated socio-cultural principles and indicators for marine conservation and management in Hawaiʻi first appeared on Ecology & Society.

海洋管理者通常在规划和评估中使用生态指标；然而，很少有计划监测管理的社会和文化影响。识别和监测社区与其环境关系的社会和文化方面的实用方法可以帮助许多机构了解其实现保护目标的努力的影响。夏威夷土地和自然资源部水生资源司 (DAR) 发起了 Holomua 海洋倡议，与社区合作和参与，加强共同管理工作，其中包括将社会文化方面纳入海洋管理的规划和评估。我们的团队包括在夏威夷参与协作管理工作的资源管理者、西方和本土科学家、社区领袖、学生、机构和大学工作人员，他们开发了一种方法来监测 DAR 管理行为的社会和文化影响。通过与夏威夷从事海洋保护的社区成员和非营利组织领导人举办在线合作研讨会，我们根据其与近岸环境的相互关系共同制定了社会文化原则和指标。在研讨会期间，我们利用小组活动、雪卡、排序和分类来制定九项基本原则以及相关指标，以指导夏威夷的海洋管理。许多原则和指标与太平洋其他地区制定的原则和指标具有可比性，围绕主题包括地方和土著知识代代相传，以及土地和自然资源的获取。参与者还提出了其他研究中不太常见的主题，例如需要评估旅游业对沿海地区社区关系的影响。我们为其他地方背景下的社会文化原则和指标的制定提供建议，并强调持续社区合作的重要性。与受海洋管理决策影响的社区成员一起制定社会文化监测框架，可以使参与协作的其他人（包括政府机构）全面了解和解决其政策和行动的影响。监测海洋管理对当地和土著社区的分层社会文化影响有可能改变管理目标，并提高长期有效性和对保护全球沿海资源举措的支持。

后 Holomua 海洋倡议：社区生成的夏威夷海洋保护和管理的社会文化原则和指标首次出现在《生态与社会》杂志上。