As described in many farmland birds of Europe, habitat loss is one of the main factors explaining the decline of the European turtle dove (), a migratory columbid which breeds in the Western Palaearctic and winters in Africa. In the countries belonging to the western flyway (which host around 40–50% of the European breeding population), the species was hunted before the implementation of a moratorium in recent years, and it is known that habitat management is conducted to favour game and wildlife. Through a questionnaire we investigated the habitat management conducted in hunting grounds of France, Portugal and Spain (931 respondents), and the measures that may favour turtle doves. The vast majority of respondents were totally or partially in charge of game management (98%), but less than 50% were responsible for decisions regarding farming or forestry. The most frequent measures were supplementary food (73% of respondents), water provision (68%), forest management (50%) and agricultural management (47%). Land interventions were conducted in a high proportion of grounds, but at limited scale (<50 ha/hunting ground). In most cases, the management was self-funded by hunters and game managers. Habitat management measures were rarely targeted exclusively to the turtle dove; interventions were, in contrast, frequently part of management targeting various species simultaneously. Grounds with a tradition of higher number of hunted doves were those more likely to target the species in their management. The likelihood of implementing management tools was mainly linked to variations in hunting pressure rather than to perceptions of turtle dove population trends. As the turtle dove is favoured by the ecotone between woodland and farmland, it is crucial to promote and reward measures beyond food and water provision, involving agricultural and forest management, ideally accompanied by species’ monitoring in hunting grounds. As the current Adaptive Harvest Management Framework promoted by the European Union aims to link hunting opportunities with habitat enhancements, hunting grounds could be crucial to improve turtle dove habitats at large scale and help reversing current population trends.

中文翻译：

---

猎人在欧洲斑鸠西部迁徙路线上进行的栖息地管理：与可持续狩猎联系起来的机会和陷阱

正如欧洲许多农田鸟类所描述的那样，栖息地丧失是解释欧洲斑鸠数量减少的主要因素之一，欧洲斑鸠是一种迁徙的鸽子，在古北极西部繁殖并在非洲越冬。在属于西部迁徙路线的国家（约占欧洲繁殖种群的 40-50%），该物种在近年来实施暂停捕猎之前就被猎杀，众所周知，栖息地管理的目的是为了有利于狩猎和狩猎。野生动物。通过问卷调查，我们调查了法国、葡萄牙和西班牙狩猎场（931名受访者）的栖息地管理情况，以及可能有利于斑鸠的措施。绝大多数受访者全部或部分负责游戏管理（98%），但不到 50% 的受访者负责农业或林业决策。最常见的措施是补充食品（73%的受访者）、供水（68%）、森林管理（50%）和农业管理（47%）。土地干预在大部分场地进行，但规模有限（<50 公顷/狩猎场）。在大多数情况下，管理工作是由猎人和狩猎经理自筹资金。栖息地管理措施很少专门针对斑鸠；相比之下，干预措施往往是同时针对不同物种的管理的一部分。具有猎杀鸽子数量较多传统的场地更有可能在管理中针对该物种。实施管理工具的可能性主要与狩猎压力的变化有关，而不是与斑鸠种群趋势的看法有关。由于斑鸠受到林地和农田之间的生态交错带的青睐，因此促进和奖励除食物和水供应之外的措施至关重要，包括农业和森林管理，最好辅之以狩猎场的物种监测。由于欧盟目前推行的适应性收获管理框架旨在将狩猎机会与栖息地改善联系起来，因此狩猎场对于大规模改善斑鸠栖息地并帮助扭转当前的种群趋势至关重要。