Understanding factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers using the diffusion of innovations theory,American Journal of Infection Control

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Understanding factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers using the diffusion of innovations theory
American Journal of Infection Control ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.11.019
Gail C. D’Souza , Casey N. Pinto , Cara L. Exten , Jessica M. Yingst , Jonathan Foulds , Jocelyn Anderson , Rachel Allen , William A. Calo

Background

The COVID-19 vaccine was initially offered to frontline health care workers (HCWs), due to high risk of contracting COVID-19 through occupational exposure to patients. Low HCW vaccine uptake can impact overall community level vaccine uptake. This study used the diffusion of innovations (DOI) theory to understand factors related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in HCWs.

Methods

We surveyed Pennsylvanian HCWs (excluding Philadelphia) from August 2022 - February 2023. Survey questions inquired about demographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, reasons for receiving/declining the COVID-19 vaccine, and sources of information about the vaccine.

Results

Participants (n=3490) were 85% female, 89% White, and 93% (n=3255) reported receiving at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. HCWs were categorized into adopter categories of the DOI theory: innovators (56%), early adopters (9%), early majority (11%), late majority (7%), and laggards (17%). The major reason that prompted participants to get the vaccine were to protect them against COVID-19 infection (78%), while the major reason for declining the vaccine was due to concern about possible side effects from the vaccine (78%).

Conclusion

We applied the DOI theory to characterize adopters and identify factors related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in HCWs. As updated COVID-19 vaccines are approved for the US market, our findings may be used to improve vaccine education and communication among HCWs to support vaccine uptake.

中文翻译：

利用创新扩散理论了解医护人员与 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关的因素

背景

由于职业接触患者而感染 COVID-19 的风险很高，因此最初向一线医护人员 (HCW) 提供了 COVID-19 疫苗。医护人员疫苗接种率低可能会影响整个社区水平的疫苗接种率。本研究利用创新扩散 (DOI) 理论来了解与医护人员接种 COVID-19 疫苗相关的因素。

方法

我们于 2022 年 8 月至 2023 年 2 月对宾夕法尼亚州医护人员（不包括费城）进行了调查。调查问题询问了人口统计、COVID-19 疫苗接种状况、接受/拒绝接种 COVID-19 疫苗的原因以及有关疫苗的信息来源。

结果

参与者 (n=3490) 中 85% 为女性，89% 为白人，93% (n=3255) 报告至少接种了一剂 COVID-19 疫苗。医护人员被分为 DOI 理论的采用者类别：创新者 (56%)、早期采用者 (9%)、早期多数 (11%)、晚期多数 (7%) 和落后者 (17%)。促使参与者接种疫苗的主要原因是为了保护他们免受 COVID-19 感染（78%），而拒绝接种疫苗的主要原因是担心疫苗可能产生的副作用（78%）。