After exposure to microgravity, astronauts undergo microgravity-induced thoraco-cephalic fluid shift, which may lead to ocular changes called “spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome” (SANS). The onset of SANS may be multifactorial, including a potential elevation in intracranial pressure. Moreover, little is known about the impact of spaceflight on SANS in women due to the fact that fewer female astronauts have spent time in long-term missions. The objective is to determine whether similar ophthalmological changes occur in healthy women after short-term exposure to microgravity. The auto-refractometer was used to determine objective refraction. The best corrected distance visual acuity was assessed with a Monoyer chart. The ocular axial length was assessed using optical biometry. The applanation tonometry was used to determine intraocular pressure. Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFLT), macular total retinal thickness, and ganglion cell complex (GCC) were measured using optical coherence tomography. Ocular axial length is reduced after DI. pRNFL is thickest after DI specifically in the temporal, temporal-inferior, and nasal-inferior quadrants. Macular total retinal at the inferior quadrant of the 6-mm ring is thickest after DI. Global GCC is thinnest after DI. In this study, 5 days of DI induces slight but significant ophthalmological changes in women. However, these subtle changes do not correspond to criteria defined in SANS.

暴露于微重力后，宇航员会经历微重力引起的胸-头液体转移，这可能会导致称为“航天相关神经眼综合症”（SANS）的眼部变化。SANS 的发生可能是多因素的，包括颅内压的潜在升高。此外，由于参与长期任务的女宇航员较少，人们对太空飞行对女性 SANS 的影响知之甚少。目的是确定健康女性在短期暴露于微重力后是否会发生类似的眼科变化。自动验光仪用于测定客观验光。使用 Monoyer 表评估最佳矫正远视力。使用光学生物测定法评估眼轴长度。压平眼压计用于测定眼内压。使用光学相干断层扫描测量视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度（pRNFLT）、黄斑部视网膜总厚度和神经节细胞复合体（GCC）。DI后眼轴长度缩短。pRNFL 在 DI 之后最厚，特别是在颞下象限、颞下象限和鼻下象限。DI 后，6 毫米环下象限的黄斑全视网膜最厚。全球 GCC 规模仅次于 DI。在这项研究中，5 天的 DI 会引起女性轻微但显着的眼部变化。然而，这些细微的变化并不符合 SANS 中定义的标准。