Adapting to the anthropogenic environmental change while transitioning to a more sustainable and more productive natural resource management places unprecedented demands on natural resource production. Meeting this complex challenge without unwarranted environmental degradation or loss of livelihoods requires understanding and managing the resilience of properties that produce natural resources. However, insufficient attention has been paid in research and natural resource governance to the capacity of natural resource producers to adapt and achieve sustainable outcomes at the property-level, potentially leading to unintended environmental and social outcomes. We used a large and detailed survey data of farmers, foresters, and growers in New Zealand to identify factors that correlate with property-level outcomes that are desirable from the perspective of sustainable natural resource production: strong environmental performance, good financial situation, and high well-being. The results detail how these outcomes correlate with diverse individual traits and outlooks, property-level agroecosystem characteristics, economic resources, and social interactions. However, different factors drive individual outcomes, and a factor that is positively correlated with one desirable outcome may negatively correlate with another. The only factor that positively correlated with all three outcomes was the goal to have strong environmental performance in future, which may reflect optimism as a resilience determinant. Thus, the difficulty of achieving good outcomes across all three dimensions may arise from conflicting effects of different factors on property-level environmental, economic, and well-being outcomes. In conclusion, our results indicate that natural resource governance must more carefully consider interdependencies between environmental, financial, and well-being outcomes at the property-level to support the ability of natural resource producers to meet society’s demands.

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适应人为环境变化，同时转向更可持续、更高效的自然资源管理，对自然资源生产提出了前所未有的要求。要应对这一复杂的挑战，同时避免无端的环境退化或生计损失，需要了解和管理生产自然资源的财产的复原力。然而，在研究和自然资源治理中，对自然资源生产者在财产层面适应和实现可持续成果的能力没有给予足够的重视，这可能导致意想不到的环境和社会后果。我们使用了对新西兰农民、林农和种植者的大量详细调查数据，以确定与从可持续自然资源生产的角度来看理想的财产层面结果相关的因素：良好的环境绩效、良好的财务状况和较高的绩效。福利。结果详细说明了这些结果如何与不同的个人特征和观点、财产层面的农业生态系统特征、经济资源和社会互动相关。然而，不同的因素驱动个体结果，与一个理想结果正相关的因素可能与另一个理想结果负相关。与所有三个结果呈正相关的唯一因素是未来拥有强大环境绩效的目标，这可能反映出乐观情绪作为复原力决定因素。因此，在所有三个维度上实现良好结果的困难可能源于不同因素对财产层面的环境、经济和福祉结果的相互冲突的影响。总之，我们的结果表明，自然资源治理必须更仔细地考虑财产层面的环境、金融和福祉结果之间的相互依赖性，以支持自然资源生产者满足社会需求的能力。

后弹性和可持续自然资源生产：农民和林农如何应对？首次出现在《生态与社会》杂志上。