Many species of weeds are present in agricultural areas, but weeds with greater competitive ability normally become dominant in the field. Rhizosphere soil microbiota can influence weed-weed interactions. However, the role of rhizosphere soil microorganisms in weed-weed interactions remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the ecological relationships and microbial taxa present in the rhizosphere of weeds in monoculture and coexistence systems. The weed species , , and were grown in monoculture and coexistence pairs under greenhouse conditions for 80 days. The ecological relationships between weeds were analyzed by calculating the Relative Interaction Index (RII) based on the total dry mass of the plants. The rhizosphere microbiome was analyzed after extracting the metagenomic DNA from rhizosphere microbial populations, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene and ITS region, using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Competitive interactions were observed for all combinations of weed species. showed the greatest decrease in dry matter production due to competition. Weed-weed competition changed rhizosphere microbial community composition and bacterial diversity. The abundance of different bacterial genera in rhizosphere soil varied according to the treatments. When comparing the competition between and and their respective monocultures, the abundances of , Diplorickettisiales uncultured and increased in monoculture. When comparing the competition between and and their respective monocultures, the abundance of increased while the abundance of decreased in monoculture. Already the abundances of , , , 1921-2 and decreased monoculture. When comparing the competition between and , and their respective monocultures, the abundances of and Candidatus Xiphinematobacter decreased monoculture. The abundances of and increased in competition while the abundance of increased in monoculture. The fungal genera that had their abundances significantly altered were , whose abundance decreased in competition of and when compared to the respective monocultures, while the abundance of increased in monoculture. Already the abundance of increased in monoculture when compared with monoculture and competition between both plants. Weeds can recruit specific taxa depending on the competition situation in which they are involved. Such changes in the rhizobiome are possibly related to the lower competitive ability and dry matter production of . have a greater capacity to determine the structure of the rhizobiome when in competition with . seem to be less affected by rhizobiome taxon-specific changes.

中文翻译：

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杂草竞争导致根际微生物群落变化

农业区存在多种杂草，但竞争能力较强的杂草通常在田间占据优势。根际土壤微生物群可以影响杂草与杂草的相互作用。然而，根际土壤微生物在杂草与杂草相互作用中的作用仍然很大程度上未被探索。在这项研究中，我们研究了单一栽培和共存系统中杂草根际中存在的生态关系和微生物类群。杂草物种 、 、 和 在温室条件下以单一栽培和共存方式生长 80 天。通过根据植物的总干质量计算相对相互作用指数（RII）来分析杂草之间的生态关系。从根际微生物种群中提取宏基因组 DNA，然后使用 Illumina MiSeq 平台对 16S rDNA 基因和 ITS 区域进行 PCR 扩增和测序，然后对根际微生物组进行分析。观察到所有杂草物种组合的竞争性相互作用。由于竞争，干物质产量下降幅度最大。杂草竞争改变了根际微生物群落组成和细菌多样性。根际土壤中不同细菌属的丰度根据处理的不同而变化。当比较 和 与各自单一栽培之间的竞争时，未培养的 、 Diplorickettisiales 的丰度在单一栽培中增加。当比较 和 与各自单一栽培之间的竞争时，单一栽培中 的丰度增加，而 的丰度减少。, , , 1921-2 已经丰富并且单一栽培减少。当比较 和 之间的竞争以及它们各自的单一培养物时， 和 Candidatus Xiphinematobacter 的丰度降低了单一培养物。竞争的丰富性和竞争性的增加，同时单一栽培的丰富性的增加。丰度显着改变的真菌属是 ，其丰度在各自单一栽培的竞争中和与各自单一栽培相比时下降，而在单一栽培中丰度增加。与单一栽培和两种植物之间的竞争相比，单一栽培的丰度已经增加。杂草可以根据其参与的竞争情况招募特定的类群。根瘤菌的这种变化可能与竞争能力和干物质生产的降低有关。在与 竞争时具有更大的能力来确定根瘤菌的结构。似乎受根瘤菌分类群特异性变化的影响较小。