Evidence accumulates to show that semantic cognition requires, in addition to semantic representations, control processes that regulate the accessibility and use of semantic knowledge in a task- and time-appropriate fashion. Semantic control has been recently proposed to rely on a distributed network that includes the posterior temporal cortex. Along these lines, recent -analyses of neuroimaging data and studies with patients suffering from semantic aphasia have suggested that the left posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) is critically involved whenever situational context must constrain semantic retrieval. In the present experiment, we used transcranial direct current stimulation over the left posterior temporal lobe in an attempt to interfere with semantic control while participants performed a DRM task, a procedure for inducing conceptually-based false recognition that is contingent on both activation and control processes. Paralleling findings with patients suffering from brain damage restricted to the temporoparietal cortex, anodal stimulation (relative to sham stimulation) resulted in increased false recognition but intact true recognition. These findings fit well with the idea that the left pMTG is a key component of a semantic control network, the alteration of which results in memory performance that is affected by the intrusion of contextually-inappropriate semantic information.

中文翻译：

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左后颞叶经颅直流电刺激调节语义控制：情景记忆扭曲的证据

越来越多的证据表明，除了语义表示之外，语义认知还需要控制过程，以适合任务和时间的方式调节语义知识的可访问性和使用。最近有人提出语义控制依赖于包括后颞皮层的分布式网络。沿着这些思路，最近对神经影像数据的分析和对语义失语症患者的研究表明，每当情景上下文必须限制语义检索时，左后颞中回（pMTG）就受到严重影响。在本实验中，我们在左后颞叶上使用经颅直流电刺激，试图在参与者执行 DRM 任务时干扰语义控制，该任务是一种诱导基于概念的错误识别的过程，该错误识别取决于激活和控制过程。与仅限于颞顶叶皮层的脑损伤患者的相似研究结果显示，阳极刺激（相对于假刺激）导致错误识别增加，但真实识别完整。这些发现与左 pMTG 是语义控制网络的关键组成部分的观点非常吻合，其改变会导致记忆性能受到上下文不适当的语义信息的入侵的影响。