Background Soil animal communities include more than 40 higher-order taxa, representing over 23% of all described species. These animals have a wide range of feeding sources and contribute to several important soil functions and ecosystem services. Although many studies have assessed macroinvertebrate communities in Brazil, few of them have been published in journals and even fewer have made the data openly available for consultation and further use. As part of ongoing efforts to synthesise the global soil macrofauna communities and to increase the amount of openly-accessible data in GBIF and other repositories related to soil biodiversity, the present paper provides links to 29 soil macroinvertebrate datasets covering 42 soil fauna taxa, collected in various land-use systems in Brazil. A total of 83,085 georeferenced occurrences of these taxa are presented, based on quantitative estimates performed using a standardised sampling method commonly adopted worldwide to collect soil macrofauna populations, i.e. the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme) protocol. This consists of digging soil monoliths of 25 x 25 cm area, with handsorting of the macroinvertebrates visible to the naked eye from the surface litter and from within the soil, typically in the upper 0-20 cm layer (but sometimes shallower, i.e. top 0-10 cm or deeper to 0-40 cm, depending on the site). The land-use systems included anthropogenic sites managed with agricultural systems (e.g. pastures, annual and perennial crops, agroforestry), as well as planted forests and native vegetation located mostly in the southern Brazilian State of Paraná (96 sites), with a few additional sites in the neighbouring states of São Paulo (21 sites) and Santa Catarina (five sites). Important metadata on soil properties, particularly soil chemical parameters (mainly pH, C, P, Ca, K, Mg, Al contents, exchangeable acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, Base Saturation and, infrequently, total N), particle size distribution (mainly % sand, silt and clay) and, infrequently, soil moisture and bulk density, as well as on human management practices (land use and vegetation cover) are provided. These data will be particularly useful for those interested in estimating land-use change impacts on soil biodiversity and its implications for below-ground foodwebs, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem service delivery. New information Quantitative estimates are provided for 42 soil animal taxa, for two biodiversity hotspots: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Data are provided at the individual monolith level, representing sampling events ranging from February 2001 up to September 2016 in 122 sampling sites and over 1800 samples, for a total of 83,085 ocurrences.

中文翻译：

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巴西土地利用系统中的大型土壤动物群落

背景 土壤动物群落包括 40 多个高阶类群，占所有描述物种的 23% 以上。这些动物有广泛的食物来源，并为多种重要的土壤功能和生态系统服务做出了贡献。尽管许多研究评估了巴西的大型无脊椎动物群落，但很少有研究在期刊上发表，公开提供数据供咨询和进一步使用的研究就更少了。作为综合全球土壤大型动物群落并增加 GBIF 和其他与土壤生物多样性相关的存储库中可公开访问的数据量的持续努力的一部分，本文提供了涵盖 42 个土壤动物类群的 29 个土壤大型无脊椎动物数据集的链接，这些数据集收集于巴西的各种土地利用系统。基于使用世界范围内普遍采用的收集大型土壤动物种群的标准化抽样方法（即 TSBF（热带土壤生物学和肥力计划）协议）进行的定量估计，总共呈现了这些类群的 83,085 个地理参考事件。这包括挖掘 25 x 25 厘米面积的土壤巨石，并对肉眼可见的大型无脊椎动物进行手工分选，从表面垃圾和土壤内部，通常在上 0-20 厘米层（但有时更浅，即顶部 0 -10 厘米或更深至 0-40 厘米，具体取决于地点）。土地利用系统包括由农业系统管理的人类活动场地（例如牧场、一年生和多年生作物、农林业），以及人工林和原生植被，大部分位于巴西南部巴拉那州（96 个场地），还有一些其他场地邻近的圣保罗州（21 个站点）和圣卡塔琳娜州（5 个站点）都有站点。有关土壤特性的重要元数据，特别是土壤化学参数（主要是 pH、C、P、Ca、K、Mg、Al 含量、交换酸度、阳离子交换能力、碱饱和度以及偶尔的总氮）、粒度分布（主要是 %）沙子、淤泥和粘土），偶尔还提供土壤湿度和容重，以及人类管理实践（土地利用和植被覆盖）。这些数据对于那些有兴趣估计土地利用变化对土壤生物多样性的影响及其对地下食物网、生态系统功能和生态系统服务提供的影响的人特别有用。新信息 为巴西大西洋森林和塞拉多生物群落这两个生物多样性热点地区的 42 个土壤动物类群提供了定量估计。数据以单个整体级别提供，代表从 2001 年 2 月至 2016 年 9 月在 122 个采样点和 1800 多个样本中进行的采样事件，总共发生了 83,085 次。