Helicobacter species (spp.) is a gram-negative spiral-shaped motile bacterium that causes gastritis in pigs and also colonizes in the human stomach. The present study assessed the prevalence of Helicobacter spp. in pig gastric mucosa and the stool of pig farmers in Assam, India. A total of 403 stomach samples from pig slaughter points, 74 necropsy samples of pigs from pig farms, and 97 stool samples from pig farmers were collected. Among the pig stomach samples, 43 (20.09%) of those with gastritis showed the presence of Gram-negative, spiral-shaped organisms, while only 3.04% of stomach samples without lesions had these organisms. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of urease-positive stomach samples revealed tightly coiled Helicobacter bacteria in the mucus lining. Histopathological examination showed chronic gastritis with hemorrhagic necrosis, leucocytic infiltration, and lymphoid aggregates. PCR confirmed the presence of Helicobacter suis in 19.63% of pig stomach samples and 2.08% of pig farmer stool samples. Additionally, 3.12% of the stool samples from pig farmers were positive for Helicobacter pylori. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clusters of Helicobacter suis with other Helicobacter spp. These findings highlight the prevalence of Helicobacter in both pig gastric mucosa and pig farmer stool. The findings highlight the need for improved sanitation and hygiene practices among pig farmers to minimize the risk of Helicobacter infection in humans.

螺杆菌属（spp . ）是一种革兰氏阴性螺旋状运动细菌，可引起猪胃炎，也可在人胃中定殖。本研究评估了螺杆菌属的患病率。印度阿萨姆邦养猪户的猪胃粘膜和粪便中。共采集生猪屠宰点胃样本403份、养猪场生猪尸检样本74份、养猪户粪便样本97份。在猪胃样本中，有43个（20.09%）患有胃炎的猪胃样本中存在革兰氏阴性螺旋状微生物，而没有病变的猪胃样本中只有3.04%有这些微生物。对尿素酶阳性胃样本进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，粘液内壁中有紧密盘绕的螺杆菌。组织病理学检查显示慢性胃炎伴出血性坏死、白细胞浸润和淋巴聚集。 PCR证实19.63%的猪胃样本和2.08%的养猪户粪便样本中存在猪螺杆菌。此外，养猪户粪便样本中有3.12%幽门螺杆菌呈阳性。系统发育分析揭示了猪螺杆菌与其他螺杆菌属的不同簇。这些发现凸显了猪胃粘膜和养猪户粪便中螺杆菌的流行。研究结果强调，养猪户需要改善环境卫生和个人卫生习惯，以尽量减少人类感染螺杆菌的风险。