Heart failure (HF) is a common cause of hospitalization and death, and the hallmark symptoms of HF, including dyspnea, fatigue, and exercise intolerance, contribute to poor patient quality of life (QoL). Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive disease management program incorporating exercise training, cardiovascular risk factor management, and psychosocial support. CR has been demonstrated to effectively improve patient functional status and QoL among patients with HF. However, CR participation among patients with HF is poor. This review details the mechanisms of dyspnea and exercise intolerance among patients with HF, the physiologic and clinical improvements observed with CR, and the key components of a CR program for patients with HF. Furthermore, unmet needs and future strategies to improve patient participation and engagement in CR for HF are reviewed.

中文翻译：

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运动疗法和心脏康复在心力衰竭中的作用

心力衰竭 (HF) 是住院和死亡的常见原因，心力衰竭的标志性症状包括呼吸困难、疲劳和运动不耐受，导致患者生活质量 (QoL) 较差。心脏康复（CR）是一项综合疾病管理计划，包括运动训练、心血管危险因素管理和社会心理支持。 CR 已被证明可以有效改善心力衰竭患者的功能状态和生活质量。然而，心力衰竭患者的 CR 参与率较低。本综述详细介绍了心力衰竭患者呼吸困难和运动不耐受的机制、CR 观察到的生理和临床改善，以及心力衰竭患者 CR 计划的关键组成部分。此外，还回顾了未满足的需求和未来提高患者参与心力衰竭 CR 的策略。