Neurofeedback (NF) techniques support individuals to self-regulate specific features of brain activity, which has been shown to impact behavior and potentially ameliorate clinical symptoms. Electrophysiological NF (epNF) may be particularly impactful for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), as evidence mounts to suggest a central role of pathological neural oscillations underlying symptoms in PD. Exaggerated beta oscillations (12–30 Hz) in the basal ganglia-cortical network are linked to motor symptoms (e.g., bradykinesia, rigidity), and beta is reduced by successful therapy with dopaminergic medication and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). PD patients also experience non-motor symptoms related to sleep, mood, motivation, and cognitive control. Although less is known about the mechanisms of non-motor symptoms in PD and how to successfully treat them, low frequency neural oscillations (1–12 Hz) in the basal ganglia-cortical network are particularly implicated in non-motor symptoms. Here, we review how cortical and subcortical epNF could be used to target motor and non-motor specific oscillations, and potentially serve as an adjunct therapy that enables PD patients to endogenously control their own pathological neural activities. Recent studies have demonstrated that epNF protocols can successfully support volitional control of cortical and subcortical beta rhythms. Importantly, this endogenous control of beta has been linked to changes in motor behavior. epNF for PD, as a casual intervention on neural signals, has the potential to increase understanding of the neurophysiology of movement, mood, and cognition and to identify new therapeutic approaches for motor and non-motor symptoms.

神经反馈（NF）技术支持个人自我调节大脑活动的特定特征，这已被证明可以影响行为并可能改善临床症状。电生理性 NF (epNF) 可能对帕金森病 (PD) 患者影响特别大，因为越来越多的证据表明病理性神经振荡在帕金森病 (PD) 症状中发挥着核心作用。基底神经节-皮质网络中过度的β振荡（12-30 Hz）与运动症状（例如运动迟缓、强直）有关，并且通过多巴胺能药物和深部脑刺激（DBS）的成功治疗可以减少β。PD 患者还会出现与睡眠、情绪、动机和认知控制相关的非运动症状。尽管人们对帕金森病非运动症状的机制以及如何成功治疗它们知之甚少，但基底神经节-皮质网络中的低频神经振荡（1-12 Hz）尤其与非运动症状有关。在这里，我们回顾了如何使用皮质和皮质下 epNF 来针对运动和非运动特异性振荡，并有可能作为一种辅助治疗，使 PD 患者能够内源性地控制自己的病理性神经活动。最近的研究表明 epNF 协议可以成功支持皮质和皮质下 β 节律的意志控制。重要的是，β的这种内源性控制与运动行为的变化有关。PD 的 epNF 作为对神经信号的随意干预，有可能增加对运动、情绪和认知的神经生理学的理解，并确定运动和非运动症状的新治疗方法。