Procedural extinction is sometimes associated with a temporary increase in responding known as an extinction burst. Extinction bursts present unique challenges in the context of treating behavior targeted for reduction. The present study updates the prevalence of extinction bursts using a clinical sample (N = 108) receiving treatment for targeted behavior. The prevalence of extinction bursts in our sample (24%) was consistent with that in prior literature. The extinction-burst magnitude decreased across sessions after extinction was contacted during treatment, but this sample did not demonstrate decreased persistence or magnitude of extinction bursts across successive transitions from baseline to treatment. We also examined the prevalence and magnitude of extinction bursts based on the function and topography of targeted behavior and treatment components and found no consistent relation among these variables. These findings should lead clinicians to prepare for transient extinction bursts when implementing extinction-based treatment for challenging behavior.

中文翻译：

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灭绝爆发的描述性特征：记录回顾

程序性灭绝有时与反应的暂时增加有关，称为灭绝爆发。在治疗旨在减少灭绝的行为方面，灭绝爆发带来了独特的挑战。本研究使用接受目标行为治疗的临床样本（ N = 108）更新了灭绝爆发的发生率。我们的样本中灭绝爆发的发生率（24%）与之前文献中的一致。在治疗过程中接触消退后，消退爆发强度在各个疗程中有所下降，但该样本并未表现出从基线到治疗的连续过渡期间消退爆发的持久性或强度降低。我们还根据目标行为和治疗成分的功能和地形检查了灭绝爆发的发生率和程度，发现这些变量之间没有一致的关系。这些发现应该引导临床医生在对挑战性行为实施基于灭绝的治疗时为短暂的灭绝爆发做好准备。