This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the general population to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and February 2023, involving the general population from Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine with a self-developed questionnaire. A total of 637 valid questionnaires were collected, with the majority of participants being female (62.48%). The mean score for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 7.60 ± 2.39 (possible range: 0–12), 43.20 ± 4.57 (possible range: 11–55), and 34.57 ± 4.95 (possible range: 10–50), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that master’s degree or above (OR = 6.04, 95% CI: 1.80-20.31, P = 0.004) and occupation in business or service careers (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.17–0.48, P < 0.001) were independent associated with knowledge. The knowledge (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.20–1.44, P < 0.001) and female gender (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.03–2.14, P = 0.036) were independently associated with positive attitudes. Attitudes (OR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.26–1.43, P < 0.001) and a monthly household income greater than 20,000 RMB (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.15–0.64, P = 0.001) were independent associated with practices. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that knowledge positively correlated with attitude scores (r = 0.348, P < 0.001) and practice scores (r = 0.259, P < 0.001), and attitude and practice scores were also positively correlated (r = 0.563, P < 0.001). Structural equation modeling showed that knowledge predicted attitudes (β = 0.67, P < 0.001) and practices (β = 0.17, P = 0.017), while attitudes predicted practices (β = 0.58, P < 0.001). General population had moderate knowledge, positive attitudes and average practices towards CAP and COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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普通人群对社区获得性肺炎和 COVID-19 的知识、态度和实践：一项横断面研究

本研究旨在评估普通人群对社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 和 COVID-19 的知识、态度和实践 (KAP)。一项横断面研究于2022年9月至2023年2月期间进行，以宁波市中医院的一般人群为对象，采用自行开发的调查问卷。共回收有效问卷637份，其中女性占多数（62.48%）。知识、态度和实践的平均分分别为 7.60 ± 2.39（可能范围：0–12）、43.20 ± 4.57（可能范围：11–55）​​和 34.57 ± 4.95（可能范围：10–50）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，硕士学位及以上学历（OR = 6.04，95% CI：1.80-20.31，P = 0.004）和职业为商业或服务业（OR = 0.28，95% CI：0.17-0.48，P < 0.001） ）与知识独立相关。知识（OR = 1.32，95%CI：1.20-1.44，P < 0.001）和女性（OR = 1.48，95%CI：1.03-2.14，P = 0.036）与积极态度独立相关。态度（OR = 1.34，95%CI：1.26–1.43，P < 0.001）和家庭月收入大于20,000元（OR = 0.31，95%CI：0.15–0.64，P = 0.001）与实践独立相关。Pearson相关分析显示，知识与态度得分（r = 0.348，P < 0.001）和实践得分（r = 0.259，P < 0.001）呈正相关，态度和实践得分也呈正相关（r = 0.563，P < 0.001） ）。结构方程模型表明，知识预测态度（β = 0.67，P < 0.001）和实践（β = 0.17，P = 0.017），而态度预测实践（β = 0.58，P < 0.001）。普通人群对 CAP 和 COVID-19 的了解一般，态度积极，实践一般。