: Oxazolines are important heterocyclic systems due to their biological activities, such as antibacterial, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, and antileishmanial. They have been widely applied as chiral auxiliaries, polymers, catalysts, protecting groups, building blocks, and ligands in asymmetric synthesis. Due to their importance, many synthetic routes to prepare oxazoline moieties have been investigated and developed by researchers around the world. In this review, we summarized several synthetic methodologies published in the literature. The main substrates are nitriles, carboxylic acids, and acid derivatives, which react with a variety of reactants under conventional heating, microwave irradiation or ultrasound irradiation conditions. Syntheses via intramolecular cyclisation from amides have also been reported. Many publications have highlighted procedures based on solvent-free conditions using eco-friendly, reusable, and easy-availability catalysts.

中文翻译：

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恶唑啉衍生物的合成研究进展

：恶唑啉因其生物活性而成为重要的杂环系统，例如抗菌、抗疟、抗癌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗真菌、退热和抗利什曼药。它们已广泛用作不对称合成中的手性助剂、聚合物、催化剂、保护基团、结构单元和配体。由于其重要性，世界各地的研究人员已经研究和开发了许多制备恶唑啉部分的合成路线。在这篇综述中，我们总结了文献中发表的几种合成方法。主要底物是腈、羧酸和酸衍生物，在常规加热、微波照射或超声照射条件下与多种反应物发生反应。还报道了通过酰胺的分子内环化进行的合成。许多出版物都强调了基于无溶剂条件、使用环保、可重复使用且易于获得的催化剂的程序。