Endocardial fibroelastosis emerged as a challenging clinical phenomenon in the 1940s. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of fibrous and elastic tissue within the heart and is primarily observed in childhood, occasionally displaying familial inheritance. While the precise cause remains elusive, various factors, including genetic, infectious, metabolic, autoimmune, oncologic, and medication-related influences, appear to play a role in its pathogenesis. The coexistence of endocardial fibroelastosis with multiple cardiac structural abnormalities manifests in symptoms of congestive heart failure and rhythm abnormalities. Despite its challenging diagnosis, various findings from ECG and imaging have proven beneficial in further evaluation of this condition. Finally, the treatment approach to endocardial fibroelastosis became complex due to addressing its concurrent cardiac abnormalities. Strategies for managing and preventing this condition are still under investigation. In this review, we intend to highlight the existing knowledge and illuminate future considerations regarding the etiology, diagnosis, and management of this disease.

中文翻译：

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心内膜弹力纤维变性：综合回顾。

心内膜弹力纤维增生症在 20 世纪 40 年代成为一种具有挑战性的临床现象。其特征是心脏内纤维和弹性组织的非典型增殖，主要在儿童时期观察到，偶尔表现出家族遗传。虽然确切的原因仍然难以捉摸，但各种因素，包括遗传、感染、代谢、自身免疫、肿瘤和药物相关的影响，似乎在其发病机制中发挥了作用。心内膜弹力纤维增生症与多种心脏结构异常并存，表现为充血性心力衰竭和节律异常的症状。尽管诊断具有挑战性，但心电图和影像学的各种发现已证明有助于进一步评估这种情况。最后，由于要解决并发的心脏异常问题，心内膜弹力纤维增生症的治疗方法变得复杂。管理和预防这种情况的策略仍在研究中。在这篇综述中，我们打算强调现有的知识，并阐明有关该疾病的病因、诊断和治疗的未来考虑因素。