The volume evolution behavior of rock fissures and the characteristics of acoustic emission under cyclic loading are critical for rock stability analysis. To study the volume change behavior of monzogranite fissures and the characteristics of acoustic emission signals under cyclic loading, we selected samples of monzogranite at − 1600 m from a gold mine located in the Jiaodong Peninsula at a depth of − 1600 m and investigated the samples using triaxial cyclic loading—unloading tests and acoustic emission monitoring. As the volume change behavior of the monzogranite fissures and acoustic emission signals were monitored and recorded, the calculated fracture volume strain ratio coefficient and acoustic emission entropy value were proposed to describe the evolution process of fissures inside the rock. The research results showed that the volume strain ratio curve of the rock fractures exhibited a logarithmic variation characteristic during the cyclic loading and unloading, and the fracture volume strain ratio better reflected the relative scale of the internal fracture strain in the rock to the total volume strain. The acoustic emission entropy value reflected the crack evolution behavior during the loading and failure processes, which was a rapid decline in the initial stage of loading and a rapid upward trend in the failure stage. The observed “V”-shaped change in the acoustic emission entropy can be used as an early warning for rock failure. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for rock stability analysis.

循环加载下岩石裂隙的体积演化行为和声发射特征对于岩石稳定性分析至关重要。为研究循环荷载作用下二长花岗岩裂隙的体积变化行为及声发射信号特征，选取胶东半岛某金矿-1600 m深度的二长花岗岩样品，采用三轴循环加载-卸载试验和声发射监测。通过监测记录二长花岗岩裂隙的体积变化行为和声发射信号，提出计算裂隙体积应变比系数和声发射熵值来描述岩石内部裂隙的演化过程。研究结果表明，岩石裂隙的体积应变比曲线在循环加卸载过程中表现出对数变化特征，裂隙体积应变比较好地反映了岩石内部裂隙应变与总体积应变的相对规模。 。声发射熵值反映了加载和破坏过程中裂纹的演化行为，加载初期呈快速下降趋势，破坏阶段呈快速上升趋势。观察到的声发射熵的“V”形变化可以作为岩石破坏的早期预警。研究成果可为岩石稳定性分析提供理论指导。