Primary pediatric lung tumors are uncommon and have many overlapping clinical and imaging features. In contrast to adult lung tumors, these rare pediatric neoplasms have a relatively broad histologic spectrum. Informed by a single-institution 13-year retrospective record review, we present an overview of the most common primary pediatric lung neoplasms, with a focus on the role of positron emission tomography (PET), specifically ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and ¹⁸ Ga-DOTATATE PET, in the management of primary pediatric lung tumors. In addition to characteristic conventional radiographic and cross-sectional imaging findings, knowledge of patient age, underlying cancer predisposition syndromes, and PET imaging features may help narrow the differential. While metastases from other primary malignancies remain the most commonly encountered pediatric lung malignancy, the examples presented in this Pictorial Essay highlight many of the important conventional radiologic and PET imaging features of primary pediatric lung malignancies.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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正电子发射断层扫描在小儿原发性肺部肿瘤诊断和治疗中的应用

原发性儿童肺部肿瘤并不常见，并且具有许多重叠的临床和影像学特征。与成人肺部肿瘤相比，这些罕见的儿科肿瘤具有相对广泛的组织学谱。根据单机构 13 年回顾性记录回顾，我们概述了最常见的原发性儿科肺部肿瘤，重点关注正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)，特别是¹⁸ F-氟脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG) PET 和¹⁸  Ga-DOTATATE PET，用于治疗小儿原发性肺部肿瘤。除了特征性的常规放射线和横断面成像结果外，了解患者年龄、潜在的癌症易感综合征和 PET 成像特征可能有助于缩小差异。虽然其他原发性恶性肿瘤的转移仍然是最常见的儿科肺部恶性肿瘤，但本图画文章中提供的示例强调了原发性儿科肺部恶性肿瘤的许多重要的常规放射学和 PET 成像特征。

图形概要