In temperate marine climate zones, seasonal changes in water temperature contribute to distinct populations of warm- and cold-water vibrios. We report here the complete genome sequence (BUSCO score=94.8) of the novel strain Vibrio sp. VB16 isolated in late winter from the intertidal zone near Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA with the ability to form colonies at 4 °C. The 5.2 Mbp genome is composed of a large (3.6 Mbp) and small (1.6 Mbp) chromosome. Based on paired average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH), V. sp. VB16 is the same species as V. sp. UBA2437 from a North Sea tidal flat and is closely related to V. sp. DW001 from Antarctic sea ice. Our phylogenomic and bioinformatic analyses placed VB16, UBA2437 and DW001 into a cold-tolerant subclade within the albus clade, along with two non-cold-tolerant subclades. Orthovenn analysis indicated that VB16 and its other albus clade members shared 1544 gene orthologue clusters, including clusters for biosynthesis of polar flagella and tight adhesion pili that predict multiple lifestyles, either free-living or as an opportunistic pathogen within a marine eukaryotic host. The cold-tolerant subclade shared 552 orthologue proteins, including genes known to promote survival in cold or freezing temperatures, such as the eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthetic gene cluster, syp exopolysaccharide gene cluster and novel giant proteins with ice-binding domains. This subclade represents a group of psychrotolerant or ‘moderate psychrophile’ winter season Vibrio species. The discovery of this subclade opens the door for experimental work on the physiological features, virulence potential and ecological importance of this subclade.

中文翻译：

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冬季弧菌的完整基因组序列有助于发现albus分支中适应寒冷物种的新分支

在温带海洋气候区，水温的季节性变化导致了不同的暖水和冷水弧菌种群。我们在这里报告了新菌株弧菌的完整基因组序列（BUSCO 评分=94.8）。VB16 于冬末从美国弗吉尼亚州弗吉尼亚海滩附近的潮间带分离出来，能够在 4°C 下形成菌落。5.2 Mbp 基因组由大染色体 (3.6 Mbp) 和小染色体 (1.6 Mbp) 组成。基于配对平均核苷酸同一性 (ANI)、平均氨基酸同一性 (AAI) 和数字 DNA-DNA 杂交 (dDDH)，V . sp。VB16 与V是同一物种。sp。UBA2437来自北海潮滩并且与V密切相关。sp。DW001 来自南极海冰。我们的系统发育和生物信息学分析将 VB16、UBA2437 和 DW001 置于albus进化枝内的一个耐冷亚进化枝，以及两个非耐冷亚进化枝。Orthovenn分析表明VB16和它的其他albus分支成员共享1544个基因直系同源簇，包括用于极鞭毛和紧密粘附菌毛生物合成的簇，它们预测多种生活方式，无论是自由生活还是作为海洋真核宿主内的机会病原体。耐冷亚支共有552个直向同源蛋白，包括已知促进寒冷或冰冻温度下生存的基因，如二十碳五烯酸生物合成基因簇、syp胞外多糖基因簇和具有冰结合域的新型巨型蛋白。该分支代表一组耐冷或“中度嗜冷”冬季弧菌物种。该分支的发现为研究该分支的生理特征、毒力潜力和生态重要性的实验工作打开了大门。