The life-cycle assessment method, which originates from general products and services, has gradually come to be applied to investigations of the life-cycle carbon emissions (LCCE) of buildings. A literature review was conducted to clarify LCCE implications, calculations, and reductions in the context of buildings. A total of 826 global building carbon emission calculation cases were obtained from 161 studies based on the framework of the building life-cycle stage division stipulated by ISO 21930 and the basic principles of the emission factor (EF) approach. The carbon emission calculation methods and results are discussed herein, based on the modules of production, construction, use, end-of-life, and supplementary benefits. According to the hotspot distribution of a building’s carbon emissions, carbon reduction strategies are classified into six groups for technical content and benefits analysis, including reducing the activity data pertaining to building materials and energy, reducing the carbon EFs of the building materials and energy, and exploiting the advantages of supplementary benefits. The research gaps and challenges in current building LCCE studies are summarized in terms of research goals and ideas, calculation methods, basic parameters, and carbon reduction strategies; development suggestions are also proposed.

源于一般产品和服务的生命周期评估方法已逐渐应用于建筑物生命周期碳排放（LCCE）的调查。进行了文献综述，以澄清 LCCE 的影响、计算和建筑物背景下的减少。基于ISO 21930规定的建筑生命周期阶段划分框架和排放因子（EF）方法的基本原理，从161项研究中获得了826个全球建筑碳排放计算案例。本文基于生产、建设、使用、报废和补充效益模块讨论碳排放计算方法和结果。根据建筑碳排放热点分布，将减碳策略分为六组进行技术含量和效益分析，包括减少建筑材料和能源的活动数据、减少建筑材料和能源的碳EF、以及发挥补充效益优势。从研究目标和思路、计算方法、基本参数、减碳策略等方面总结了当前建筑LCCE研究的空白和挑战；并提出发展建议。