A modeling approach to simulate ice-induced vibrations of vertically sided offshore structures in ice tank experiments is presented. The technique combines replica modeling with the preservation of kinematics during ice-structure interaction. The technique was chosen based on the theoretical understanding that ice-induced vibrations are caused by an energy exchange between the structure and the ice. The mechanism is controlled by primarily four aspects: the kinematics during ice-structure interaction, the degree to which the ice can resist higher loading at low velocities prior to failure (velocity effect), the existence of a transition speed from ductile-to-brittle failure, and the mean ice load level.

A model ice type which resulted in a velocity effect and provided a transition speed comparable to that of sea ice was developed and used during ice tank experiments. A scaling factor, derived from the comparison between the mean brittle crushing ice load of the full-scale event and the in-situ measured mean brittle crushing model ice load, was applied to scale structure properties of a numerical model. This model was implemented during real-time hybrid simulations in model ice to preserve kinematics during the ice-structure interaction.

To verify the proposed scaling approach, rigid indenter experiments covering velocities from 0.1 mm s⁻¹ to 500 mm s⁻¹ and dynamic ice-induced vibration experiments of structures with varying aspect ratios (8 and 12) and shapes (cylindrical and rectangular) were conducted. Neither the aspect ratio nor shape appeared to influence the development of ice-induced vibrations significantly.

The approach was qualitatively validated by reproducing full-scale ice-induced vibrations as experienced by the Molikpaq platform and Norströmsgrund lighthouse.

提出了一种模拟冰池实验中垂直侧面海上结构的冰引起振动的建模方法。该技术将复制建模与冰结构相互作用过程中运动学的保留相结合。选择该技术是基于这样的理论理解：冰引起的振动是由结构和冰之间的能量交换引起的。该机制主要由四个方面控制：冰-结构相互作用期间的运动学、冰在失效之前以低速抵抗较高载荷的程度（速度效应）、从延性到脆性的转变速度的存在失效和平均冰荷载水平。

在冰罐实验中开发并使用了一种模型冰类型，它会产生速度效应并提供与海冰相当的转变速度。通过比较全尺寸事件的平均脆性破碎冰载荷与现场测量的平均脆性破碎模型冰载荷之间的比较得出的比例因子应用于数值模型的比例结构特性。该模型是在模型冰的实时混合模拟过程中实现的，以在冰-结构相互作用期间保持运动学。

为了验证所提出的缩放方法，覆盖速度从 0.1 mm s ^-1到 500 mm s ^-1的刚性压头实验以及具有不同纵横比（8 和 12）和形状（圆柱形和矩形）的结构的动态冰致振动实验实施。纵横比和形状似乎都没有显着影响冰引起的振动的发展。

通过再现 Molikpaq 平台和 Norströmsgrund 灯塔所经历的全尺寸冰引起的振动，对该方法进行了定性验证。