In addition to zoonotic viral pathogens, bats can also harbor bacterial pathogens, including hemoplasmas (hemotropic mycoplasmas) and Coxiella burnetii. The present study aimed to investigate, using molecular techniques, the presence of hemoplasmas and C. burnetii in spleen samples from vampire bats in northern Brazil. For this purpose, between 2017 and 2019, spleen samples were collected from Desmodus rotundus (n = 228) and Diaemus youngii (n = 1) captured in the states of Pará (n = 207), Amazonas (n = 1), Roraima (n = 18) and Amapá (n = 3). DNA samples extracted from the bat spleen and positive in PCR for the endogenous gapdh gene were subjected to conventional PCR assays for the 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA and RNAse P genes from hemoplasmas and to qPCR based on the IS1111 gene element for C. burnetii. All spleen samples from vampire bats were negative in the qPCR for C. burnetii. Hemoplasmas were detected in 10 % (23/229) of spleen samples using a PCR based on the 16S rRNA gene. Of these, 21.73 % (5/23) were positive for the 23S rRNA gene and none for the RNAseP gene. The seven hemoplasma 16S rRNA sequences obtained were closely related to sequences previously identified in vampire bats from Belize, Peru and Brazil. The 23S rRNA sequence obtained revealed genetic proximity to hemoplasmas from non-hematophagous bats from Brazil and Belize. The analysis revealed different circulating genotypes among Brazilian vampire bats, in addition to a trend towards genera-specific hemoplasma genotypes. The present study contributes to the knowledge of the wide diversity of hemoplasmas in vampire bats.

除了人畜共患的病毒病原体外，蝙蝠还可能携带细菌病原体，包括血原体（嗜血性支原体）和伯氏柯克斯体。本研究旨在利用分子技术调查巴西北部吸血蝙蝠的脾脏样本中是否存在血胞浆和伯内氏衣原体。为此，2017 年至 2019 年间，从帕拉州(n = 207)、亚马逊州 (n = 1)、罗赖马州 (n = 1) 捕获的 Desmodus rotundus (n = 228) 和 Diaemus youngii (n = 1) 采集了脾脏样本。 n = 18) 和阿马帕 (n = 3)。从蝙蝠脾脏中提取的内源性gapdh基因PCR呈阳性的DNA样本，对来自血浆的16S rRNA、23S rRNA和RNAse P基因进行常规PCR检测，并进行基于伯内特氏杆菌IS1111基因元件的qPCR检测。吸血蝙蝠的所有脾脏样本的 qPCR伯内氏吸血蝙蝠均为阴性。使用基于 16S rRNA 基因的 PCR 在 10% (23/229) 的脾脏样本中检测到血浆。其中，21.73% (5/23) 的 23S rRNA 基因呈阳性，而 RNAseP 基因则没有阳性。获得的 7 个血浆 16S rRNA 序列与之前在伯利兹、秘鲁和巴西的吸血蝙蝠中发现的序列密切相关。获得的 23S rRNA 序列揭示了与来自巴西和伯利兹的非吸血蝙蝠的血浆在遗传上的接近性。分析揭示了巴西吸血蝙蝠中不同的循环基因型，以及属特异​​性血浆基因型的趋势。本研究有助于了解吸血蝙蝠血浆的广泛多样性。