Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that progresses over time and is characterized by preferential reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Although the precise mechanisms leading to cell death in neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD, are not fully understood, it is widely accepted that increased oxidative stress may be a prevalent factor contributing to the deterioration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic fibers in such conditions. Aminochrome, generated from dopamine (DA) metabolism, plays an important role in multiple pathogenic mechanisms associated with PD. Its capacity to induce a gradual reduction in dopaminergic neurons is due to its endogenous neurotoxicity. The formation of aminochrome results in the production of various reactive oxygen species (ROS), including pro-inflammatory factors, superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals. This, in turn, causes loss of dopaminergic neurons, reducing DA uptake, and reduced numbers and shortened dendrites. Notably, o-quinones, which are more cytotoxic, arise from the oxidation of DA and possess a higher capacity to impede cellular defense mechanisms, thereby resulting in the death of neuronal cells. Aminochrome potentially contributes to the pathophysiology of PD by forming adducts with various proteins. All of the aforementioned effects suggest that aminochrome may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of PD. Thus, aminochrome may serve as a more relevant preclinical model for PD, facilitating a better understanding of its pathophysiological processes and identification of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing or slowing disease progression.

帕金森病 (PD) 是一种随时间进展的神经退行性疾病，其特征是黑质中的多巴胺能神经元优先减少。尽管导致帕金森病等神经退行性疾病细胞死亡的确切机制尚未完全清楚，但人们普遍认为，氧化应激增加可能是导致此类情况下黑质纹状体多巴胺能纤维恶化的普遍因素。多巴胺 (DA) 代谢产生的氨基色素在与 PD 相关的多种致病机制中发挥着重要作用。它诱导多巴胺能神经元逐渐减少的能力是由于其内源性神经毒性。氨基色素的形成导致各种活性氧（ROS）的产生，包括促炎因子、超氧化物、一氧化氮和羟基自由基。这反过来会导致多巴胺能神经元的损失，减少DA 的摄取，并减少树突的数量和缩短。值得注意的是，邻醌具有更强的细胞毒性，由DA氧化产生，具有更高的阻碍细胞防御机制的能力，从而导致神经元细胞死亡。氨基色素通过与各种蛋白质形成加合物而可能促进帕金森病的病理生理学。所有上述作用表明氨基色素可能在 PD 的病理生理学中发挥至关重要的作用。因此，氨基色素可能作为 PD 更相关的临床前模型，有助于更好地理解其病理生理过程，并确定旨在预防或减缓疾病进展的新治疗策略。