Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are proteases that play a key role in chromosome structural modification and gene expression regulation, and the involvement of HDACs in cancer, the nervous system, and the metabolic and immune system has been well reviewed. Our understanding of the function of HDACs in the vascular system has recently progressed, and a significant variety of HDAC inhibitors have been shown to be effective in the treatment of vascular diseases. However, few reviews have focused on the role of HDACs in the vascular system. In this study, the role of HDACs in the regulation of the vascular system mainly involving endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells was discussed based on recent updates, and the role of HDACs in different vascular pathogenesis was summarized as well. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects and prospects of HDAC inhibitors were also addressed in this review.

组蛋白脱乙酰酶 (HDAC) 是在染色体结构修饰和基因表达调节中发挥关键作用的蛋白酶，HDAC 在癌症、神经系统以及代谢和免疫系统中的参与已得到充分的研究。最近，我们对 HDAC 在血管系统中的功能的了解取得了进展，并且多种 HDAC 抑制剂已被证明可有效治疗血管疾病。然而，很少有评论关注 HDAC 在血管系统中的作用。本研究根据最新进展，探讨了HDAC在主要涉及内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的血管系统调节中的作用，并总结了HDAC在不同血管发病机制中的作用。此外，本综述还讨论了 HDAC 抑制剂的治疗效果和前景。