Biodegradable implants from magnesium (Mg) alloys have emerged in the biomedical field especially in the orthopedic and cardiovascular stent applications owing to their low density, high specific strength, excellent machinability, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The primary shortcoming of Mg-based implants is their low corrosion resistance in the physiological environment, which results in premature mechanical integrity loss before adequate healing and the production of excessive hydrogen gas, which is harmful to the body tissues and negatively affects the biocompatibility of the implant. Laser surface modification has recently received attention because it can improve the surface properties such as surface chemistry, roughness, topography, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hydrophilicity, and thus cell response to the surface of the material. The composition and microstructures including textures and phases of laser-treated surfaces depend largely on the laser processing parameters (input laser power, laser scan velocity, frequency, pulse duration, pressure, gas circulation, working time, spot size, beam focal position, and laser track overlap) and the thermophysical properties of the substrate (solubility, melting point, and boiling point). This review investigates the impacts of various laser surface modification techniques including laser surface melting, laser surface alloying, laser cladding, laser surface texturing, and laser shock peening, and highlights their significance in improving the surface properties of biodegradable Mg alloys for implant applications. Additionally, we explore how different laser process parameters affect its composition, microstructure, and surface properties in each laser surface modification technique.

镁（Mg）合金可生物降解植入物因其密度低、比强度高、优异的机械加工性、良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性而出现在生物医学领域，特别是在骨科和心血管支架应用中。镁基植入物的主要缺点是在生理环境中的耐腐蚀性较低，这会导致在充分愈合之前过早丧失机械完整性，并产生过量的氢气，对身体组织有害，并对植入物的生物相容性产生负面影响。注入。激光表面改性最近受到关注，因为它可以改善表面化学、粗糙度、形貌、耐腐蚀性、耐磨性、亲水性等表面特性，从而改善细胞对材料表面的响应。激光处理表面的成分和微观结构，包括纹理和相，很大程度上取决于激光加工参数（输入激光功率、激光扫描速度、频率、脉冲持续时间、压力、气体循环、工作时间、光斑尺寸、光束焦点位置和激光轨迹重叠）和基材的热物理性质（溶解度、熔点和沸点）。本综述研究了各种激光表面改性技术的影响，包括激光表面熔化、激光表面合金化、激光熔覆、激光表面纹理化和激光冲击喷丸，并强调了它们在改善植入物应用的可生物降解镁合金表面性能方面的重要性。此外，我们还探讨了每种激光表面改性技术中不同的激光工艺参数如何影响其成分、微观结构和表面特性。