Tiller number is a key component of wheat plant architecture having a direct impact on grain yield. Because of their viability, biotic resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance, wild relative species are a valuable gene source for increasing wheat genetic diversity, including yield potential. Agropyron glael, a perennial hybrid of Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum, was created in the 1930s. Recent genome analyses identified five evolutionarily distinct subgenomes (J, J^st, J^vs, J^r, and St), making A. glael an important gene source for transferring useful agronomical traits into wheat. During a bread wheat × A. glael crossing program, a genetically stable translocation line, WT153397, was developed. Sequential in situ hybridizations (McGISH) with J-, St-, and D-genomic DNA probes and pSc119.2, Afa family, pTa71, and (GAA)₇ DNA repeats, as well as molecular markers specific for the wheat 6D chromosome, revealed the presence of a 6DS.6J^vs Robertsonian translocation in the genetic line. Field trials in low-input and high-input breeding nurseries over four growing seasons demonstrated the Agropyron chromosome arm’s high compensating ability for the missing 6DL, as spike morphology and fertility of WT153397 did not differ significantly from those of wheat parents, Mv9kr1 and ‘Mv Karizma.’ Moreover, the introgressed 6J^vs chromosome arm significantly increased the number of productive tillers, resulting in a significantly higher grain yield potential compared to the parental wheat cultivars. The translocated chromosome could be highly purified by flow cytometric sorting due to the intense fluorescent labeling of (GAA)₇ clusters on the Thinopyrum chromosome arm, providing an opportunity to use chromosome genomics to identify Agropyron gene variant(s) responsible for the tillering capacity. The translocation line WT153397 is an important genetic stock for functional genetic studies of tiller formation and useful breeding material for increasing wheat yield potential. The study also discusses the use of the translocation line in wheat breeding.

分蘖数是小麦株型的关键组成部分，直接影响粮食产量。由于其活力、生物抗性和非生物胁迫耐受性，野生近缘种是增加小麦遗传多样性（包括产量潜力）的宝贵基因来源。冰草（Agropyron glael） ，为Thinopyrum intermedium和Th.的多年生杂种。ponticum，创建于 20 世纪 30 年代。最近的基因组分析确定了五个进化上不同的亚基因组（J、J ^st、J ^vs、J ^r和 St），使A. glael成为将有用农艺性状转移到小麦中的重要基因来源。在面包小麦与 A. glael杂交计划中，开发了一个遗传稳定的易位系 WT153397。使用 J-、St- 和 D-基因组 DNA 探针和 pSc119.2、Afa 家族、pTa71 和 (GAA) ₇ DNA 重复序列以及小麦 6D 染色体特异性分子标记进行序贯原位杂交(McGISH)，揭示了遗传系中存在 6DS.6J^{与罗伯逊易位。}在低投入和高投入育种苗圃中四个生长季节的田间试验证明了冰草染色体臂对缺失的 6DL 的高补偿能力，因为 WT153397 的穗形态和育性与小麦亲本 Mv9kr1 和 'Mv 没有显着差异卡里兹玛。此外，与亲本小麦品种相比，渗入的 6J ^vs染色体臂显着增加了生产分蘖的数量，从而导致显着更高的谷物产量潜力。由于Thinopyrum染色体臂上的(GAA) ₇簇的强烈荧光标记，易位的染色体可以通过流式细胞术分选高度纯化，这提供了利用染色体基因组学来识别负责分蘖能力的冰草基因变异体的机会。易位系WT153397是分蘖形成功能遗传研究的重要遗传资源，也是提高小麦产量潜力的有用育种材料。该研究还讨论了易位系在小麦育种中的应用。