Background: Mental health difficulties are highly prevalent worldwide. Passive sensing technologies and applied artificial intelligence (AI) methods can provide an innovative means of supporting the management of mental health problems and enhancing the quality of care. However, the views of stakeholders are important in understanding the potential barriers to and facilitators of their implementation. Objective: This study aims to review, critically appraise, and synthesize qualitative findings relating to the views of mental health care professionals on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care. Methods: A systematic search of qualitative studies was performed using 4 databases. A meta-synthesis approach was used, whereby studies were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach within a critical realist epistemological framework. Results: Overall, 10 studies met the eligibility criteria. The 3 main themes were uses of passive sensing and AI in clinical practice, barriers to and facilitators of use in practice, and consequences for service users. A total of 5 subthemes were identified: barriers, facilitators, empowerment, risk to well-being, and data privacy and protection issues. Conclusions: Although clinicians are open-minded about the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, important factors to consider are service user well-being, clinician workloads, and therapeutic relationships. Service users and clinicians must be involved in the development of digital technologies and systems to ensure ease of use. The development of, and training in, clear policies and guidelines on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, including risk management and data security procedures, will also be key to facilitating clinician engagement. The means for clinicians and service users to provide feedback on how the use of passive sensing and AI in practice is being received should also be considered. Trial Registration: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42022331698; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=331698

中文翻译：

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医疗保健专业人员对在心理保健中使用被动传感、人工智能和机器学习的看法：通过元综合进行系统审查

背景：心理健康问题在世界范围内非常普遍。被动传感技术和应用人工智能（AI）方法可以提供支持心理健康问题管理和提高护理质量的创新手段。然而，利益相关者的观点对于理解其实施的潜在障碍和促进因素非常重要。目的：本研究旨在回顾、批判性评估和综合与精神卫生保健专业人员对被动传感和人工智能在精神卫生保健中的使用的看法相关的定性研究结果。方法：使用 4 个数据库对定性研究进行系统检索。使用了元综合方法，在批判现实主义认识论框架内使用归纳主题分析方法对研究进行分析。结果：总体而言，10 项研究符合资格标准。三个主题是被动传感和人工智能在临床实践中的使用、实践中使用的障碍和促进因素以及对服务用户的影响。总共确定了 5 个子主题：障碍、促进因素、赋权、福祉风险以及数据隐私和保护问题。结论：尽管临床医生对被动传感和人工智能在精神卫生保健中的使用持开放态度，但需要考虑的重要因素是服务用户的福祉、临床医生的工作量和治疗关系。服务用户和临床医生必须参与数字技术和系统的开发，以确保易用性。关于在精神卫生保健中使用被动传感和人工智能的明确政策和指南的制定和培训，包括风险管理和数据安全程序，也将是促进临床医生参与的关键。还应考虑临床医生和服务用户提供关于被动传感和人工智能在实践中的使用情况的反馈的方式。试用注册： PROSPERO 国际前瞻性系统评价注册库 CRD42022331698；https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=331698