Road deicing salts have impacted the hydrogeochemistry of lakes throughout the snow-belt region of the globe. This paper advances our understanding of the historical change in salt concentrations in, and sources to, the Finger Lakes of western and central New York state, and compares the results to other lakes across the globe. Surface water samples from Honeoye, Canandaigua, Keuka, Seneca, Cayuga, Owasco, Skaneateles and Otisco lakes were analyzed for chloride (Cl) concentrations, and augmented with published and unpublished decade, and for the first time, century-scale Cl data for these lakes and Hemlock Lake. A mass-balance model estimated the Cl flux required to match the measured Cl concentrations in each lake. Cl concentration and flux trends defined two groups of lakes. Group 1: A mid-1900′s peak in Cl concentrations was detected in Seneca and Cayuga lakes, that resulted from a short but significant spike of Cl, most likely from salt mine wastes during pre-Environmental Protection Agency times. Group 2: Hemlock, Honeoye, Canandaigua, Keuka, Owasco, Skaneateles and Otisco lakes, revealed smaller yet increasing concentrations and fluxes over time that were interpreted to reflect increasing use of road deicing salts in their watersheds and supported by correlations to their state and federal road lengths, percentage of impervious surfaces, water residence times in each watershed and the production of road salt in the US, but not to their trophic status, nor their percentage of agricultural land. Estimated Cl inputs from municipal wastewater treatment facilities, individual septic systems and the atmosphere (precipitation) were also insignificant in the Finger Lakes region. These results help clarify the processes responsible for increasing Chloride concentrations in lakes globally.

中文翻译：

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美国纽约州中部和西部手指湖的氯化物水文地球化学

道路除冰盐影响了全球雪带地区湖泊的水文地球化学。本文增进了我们对纽约州西部和中部手指湖盐分浓度及其来源的历史变化的理解，并将结果与​​全球其他湖泊进行了比较。对 Honeoye、Canandaigua、Keuka、Seneca、Cayuga、Owasco、Skaneateles 和 Otisco 湖的地表水样本进行了氯化物 (Cl) 浓度分析，并根据已发表和未发表的十年进行了扩充，首次获得了这些湖的百年规模的 Cl 数据湖泊和铁杉湖。质量平衡模型估计了与每个湖泊中测得的 Cl 浓度相匹配所需的 Cl 通量。Cl 浓度和通量趋势定义了两组湖泊。第 1 组：在塞内卡湖和卡尤加湖中检测到 1900 年中期的 Cl 浓度峰值，这是由于 Cl 浓度短暂但显着的峰值，很可能来自环境保护署之前时期的盐矿废物。第 2 组：Hemlock、Honeoye、Canandaigua、Keuka、Owasco、Skaneateles 和 Otisco 湖泊，随着时间的推移，浓度和通量虽较小但不断增加，这被解释为反映了在其流域中道路除冰盐的使用增加，并得到了与其州和联邦的相关性的支持美国的道路长度、不透水表面的百分比、每个流域的水停留时间以及道路用盐的产量，但不包括其营养状况，也不是其占农业用地的百分比。在手指湖地区，来自城市废水处理设施、个别化粪池系统和大气（降水）的估计氯输入量也微不足道。这些结果有助于阐明导致全球湖泊氯化物浓度增加的过程。