During the COVID-19 pandemic, RNA-seq datasets were produced to investigate the virus-host relationship. However, much of these data remains underexplored. To improve the search for molecular targets and biomarkers, we performed an integrated analysis of multiple RNA-seq datasets, expanding the cohort and including patients from different countries, encompassing severe and mild COVID-19 patients. Our analysis revealed that severe COVID-19 patients exhibit overexpression of genes coding for proteins of extracellular exosomes, endomembrane system, and neutrophil granules (e.g., S100A9, LY96, and RAB1B), which may play an essential role in the cellular response to infection. Concurrently, these patients exhibit down-regulation of genes encoding components of the T cell receptor complex and nucleolus, including TP53, IL2RB, and NCL Finally, SPI1 may emerge as a central transcriptional factor associated with the up-regulated genes, whereas TP53, MYC, and MAX were associated with the down-regulated genes during COVID-19. This study identified targets and transcriptional factors, lighting on the molecular pathophysiology of syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

中文翻译：

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RNA-seq 数据集的综合分析揭示了 COVID-19 严重程度的新靶标和调节因子。

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，生成了 RNA-seq 数据集来研究病毒与宿主的关系。然而，其中大部分数据仍未得到充分探索。为了改进对分子靶标和生物标志物的搜索，我们对多个 RNA-seq 数据集进行了综合分析，扩大了队列并纳入了来自不同国家的患者，包括重症和轻度 COVID-19 患者。我们的分析显示，重症COVID-19患者表现出编码细胞外外泌体、内膜系统和中性粒细胞颗粒蛋白（例如S100A9、LY96和RAB1B）的基因过度表达，这可能在细胞对感染的反应中发挥重要作用。同时，这些患者表现出编码 T 细胞受体复合物和核仁成分的基因下调，包括TP53、IL2RB和NCL最后，SPI1 可能成为与上调基因相关的中心转录因子，而 TP53、MYC和 MAX 与 COVID-19 期间下调的基因有关。这项研究确定了靶点和转录因子，阐明了冠状病毒 2 型感染综合征的分子病理生理学。