Abstract

Research was carried out in order to study the effect of new biologics based on rhizosphere microorganisms on yield and the spring wheat grain’s quality. The work was carried out in 2018–2020 in the Ulyanovsk oblast on leached heavy loam chernozem in a microfield experiment in vessels without a bottom with an area of 0.018 m². The experiment’s scheme was as follows: Р₄₅K₄ (control)—background 1; background 1 + Strain KL‑10; background 1 + Strain 17–1; background 1 + Rhyzoagrin; N₄₅Р₄₅K₄₅—background 2; background 2 + Strain KL‑10; background 2 + Strain 17–1; background 2 + Rhyzoagrin; N₄₅Р₄₅K₄₅. It was discovered that presowing inoculation of spring wheat seeds with new biological preparations based on associative rhizobacteria’s strains increases grain weight by 19–22%. The increases from the Rhyzoagrin biologics’ use on Р₄₅K₄₅ as a standard averaged 66 g/m² (+13% to Background 1), 98 g/m² (+19%) from strain KL‑10, and 113 g/m² (+22%) from strain 17–1. On the NPK background, the biologic based on 17–1 was most effective: 80 g/m² (+15%). The maximum yield obtained from N₉₀ was 789 g/m² (+51%), 647 g/m² (+24%) from N₄₅, which is comparable to 17–1 (636 g/m²). The raw protein’s collection increase from the introduction of N₉₀ to 80% as a result of exposure to nitrogen nutrition, crop production, from the biological products’ usage, or N₄₅ was by 25–32%. The nitrogen fertilizers’ and biologics use positively affected the accumulation of nitrogen consumed in the grain, increasing the nitrogen index (the share of nitrogen accumulated in the grain from its total accumulation in the crop) from 64 to 71%, increasing the ammonium nitrate nitrogen’s payback with the grain harvest’s growth by 52 –67%.

中文翻译：

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春小麦氮肥和生物制品施用效益

摘要

本研究旨在研究基于根际微生物的新型生物制剂对春小麦产量和品质的影响。这项工作于 2018 年至 2020 年在乌里扬诺夫斯克州进行，在面积为 0.018 m ²的无底容器中进行微场实验，对浸出的重壤土黑钙土进行。实验方案如下：Р ₄₅ K ₄（对照）—背景1；背景1+菌株KL-10；背景 1 + 菌株 17–1；背景1+Rhyzoagrin；N ₄₅ Р ₄₅ K ₄₅ —背景2；背景2+菌株KL-10；背景 2 + 菌株 17–1；背景2+Rhyzoagrin；N ₄₅ Р ₄₅ K ₄₅。研究发现，在春小麦种子播种前接种基于联合根际细菌菌株的新型生物制剂，可使籽粒重量增加 19-22%。使用 Rhyzoagrin 生物制剂以 Р ₄₅ K ₄₅作为标准，平均增加 66 g/m ²（与背景 1 相比增加 13%），菌株 KL-10 增加98 g/m ² (+19%)，以及 113 g /m ² (+22%) 来自菌株 17–1。在 NPK 背景下，基于 17-1 的生物制剂最有效：80 g/m ² (+15%)。_{N 90}获得的最大产量为 789 g/m ² (+51%)， N _{45获得的最大产量为 647 g/m} ² (+24%) ，与 17–1 (636 g/m ² )相当。由于暴露于氮营养、农作物生产、生物制品的使用或N _{45 ，引入N 90}至80% ，粗蛋白质的收集量增加了25-32%。氮肥和生物制剂的使用对谷物消耗的氮积累产生了积极影响，使氮指数（谷物中积累的氮占作物总积累的比例）从64％增加到71％​​，增加了硝铵氮的粮食收成增长 52 – 67%，带来回报。